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A popular antioxidant supplement is Echinacea.
一個十分流行的抗氧化劑補充劑就是紫雛菊，
This herbal supplement has been suggested as a natural way
人們認為這種植物補充劑是一種
to shorten the duration of cold and flu symptoms or prevent one from catching a cold.
可以縮短感冒時間，緩解流感癥狀和預防感冒的天然物質
Many research studies have been carried out to determine if Echinacea does affect colds.
為了確定紫雛菊是否對防治感冒有作用專業人士開展了很多研究，
Unfortunately, the findings have been inconclusive.
不幸的是，這些研究中的發現都不能使人信服
Several problems arise when attempting this type of research.
在這些研究的過程中會產生一些問題
The active ingredient or ingredients in Echinacea are not known.
人們并不知道紫雛菊中的有效成分是什么，
So if one study's uses a certain formulation and has a negative effect,
因此如果一個研究用的是一種模式，并檢測出了負面效果
it could be because the right ingredient was insufficient.
這可能是因為它檢測的成分恰好是無效的，
Secondly, colds are caused by viruses
第二，感冒可能是由病毒引起的
and each virus may have a different reaction to Echinacea.
而每種病毒對于紫雛菊的反應是不同的
And, third, symptoms of a cold vary by individuals
第三，感冒癥狀對每個人來說都是不同的
so a positive effect in one person may not occur in another.
因此，紫雛菊對一個人有效，但并一定對另一個人也有效，
So researchers are not sure if Echinacea has an effect on the symptoms of the cold and flu.
因此學者并不確定紫雛菊在感冒和流感中是否有效
A caution about Echinacea is that
關于紫雛菊，要強調的一點是
individuals with tuberculosis, leukemia, diabetes, connective tissue disorder,
患有結核病，白血病，糖尿病，結締組織
or liver disorders should not use this supplement.
疾病和肝病的人不應該用這種補充劑
Additionally, Echinacea may reduce the effect of immunosuppressant drugs
除此之外，紫雛菊可能會降低免疫抑制類藥物的作用，
and it may cause allergic reactions in persons susceptible to hay fever.
并且可能會引起枯草熱病人的過敏反應
Red clover is an herbal supplement
紅三葉草是一種補充劑，
promoted to reduce hot flashes and other symptoms associated with menopause.
它能夠緩解潮熱和其他與更年期相關的癥狀，
It contains plant forms of the hormone estrogen.
它含有天然雌激素
These are also called isoflavones,
也稱為異黃酮，
which can generate similar responses in the body as estrogen.
它能在身體內產生與雌激素基本相同的作用
There have been mixed results as to whether red clover supplements reduce menopause symptoms,
關于紅四葉草是否可以緩解更年期癥狀，還沒有定論
but for some women it seems to be effective.
但是對一些婦女來說，這種方法似乎有效
General side effects include nausea, headache, and a rash,
副作用一般包括惡心，頭疼和紅潮，
but typically these are not significant.
但是這些狀況通常都不嚴重
Because red clover contains estrogens,
因為紅四葉草含有雌激素，
it should not be taken with other estrogen supplements,
一次不應與其他雌激素補充劑，
hormone replacement therapy, or birth control pills.
荷爾蒙藥物或者避孕藥同時服用
