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Once the Roman ship dropped its gangplank onto the Carthaginian ship
羅馬軍船一旦降下跳板它就落在迦太基人的船上
the corvus held the gangplank in place,
"烏鴉"就會(huì)固定跳板
so the Roman marines could run onboard
羅馬海軍就在板上奔跑
the Carthaginian ship and kill the Carthaginian sailors.
跳上迦太基人的船只，殺死他們的士兵
This innovation, the corvus,
這一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新"烏鴉"
turned a Roman weakness into a Roman advantage.
把羅馬的劣勢(shì)反而轉(zhuǎn)為優(yōu)勢(shì)
As long as the Roman fleet could
只要羅馬人在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中使用
make it into battle without sinking,
只要船不沉
that was sometimes difficult, it could win.
這有時(shí)很難，但能取得戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利
Eventually, this boiled down to a war of material attrition.
最終，歸根結(jié)底這是物質(zhì)消耗的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)
The Carthaginians blinked first.
迦太基人首先想點(diǎn)子
The richer Carthaginians were tired of a costly war
富裕的迦太基人想打一場(chǎng)昂貴的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)
and tired of paying for a fleet,
想為海軍戰(zhàn)隊(duì)支付費(fèi)用
so they started withholding money.
他們就開始積聚錢財(cái)
The Romans on the other hand,
但在另一邊，羅馬人
and especially the wealthiest Romans,
尤其是最富裕的羅馬人
proved more than willing to keep spending money on the navy. Finally in two forty one BC
證明他們更愿意投資海軍最終，在公元前240年
the Romans destroyed the Carthaginian fleet
羅馬摧毀迦太基海軍戰(zhàn)隊(duì)
and made Carthage sue for peace. The prize was basically complete Roman control over Sicily.
使迦太基屈服戰(zhàn)利品就是對(duì)西西里島的全權(quán)控制
That is how Rome wound up with a Navy
這也就是羅馬重創(chuàng)海軍的方式
and with its very first province of Sicily.
在它的第一個(gè)省西西里
By two thirty seven BC Rome had taken the islands of Sardinia and Corsica away from Carthage.
在公元前237年之前，羅馬從迦太基手中奪取了撒丁島和科西嘉島
These two islands became Rome's second province.
這兩個(gè)島成為羅馬的第二個(gè)省份
By acquiring territories off of mainland Italy Rome took its first steps towards Mediterranean empire.
在占領(lǐng)了意大利大陸之外的領(lǐng)土后它也開始邁向地中海帝國(guó)
Carthage was defeated alright but far from broken.
迦太基被打敗了，卻未被摧毀
Both sides in the first Punic war knew that it was all but inevitable that
第一次布匿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的雙方都知道不可避免的是
there would be a second go-around.
還會(huì)有第二次戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)
Segment eight C; Hannibal Ad Portas.
第三部分，迦太基人打上門來
The western Mediterranean was not big enough for Carthage and Rome.
地中海西部還不夠大對(duì)于迦太基和羅馬還不夠大
Though the first Punic war was ended by treaty
盡管第一次迦太基戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束
in two forty one BC, both sides knew that future hostilities were inevitable.
在公元前241年簽訂條約，但雙方都明白進(jìn)一步的爭(zhēng)斗不可避免
The Romans kept chipping away
羅馬人在持續(xù)分裂
at the Carthaginian Empire. Soon Sardinia and Corsica
迦太基帝國(guó)，但很快撒丁島和科西嘉島
became a new Roman province joining Sicily.
成為繼西西里之后羅馬的新省份
Rome's new acquisitions provided a massive boost to the Roman economy. Carthage, on the other hand,
羅馬的新收獲也大大促進(jìn)了羅馬的經(jīng)濟(jì)，而迦太基
had to rebuild its economy without the wealth of Sicily.
失去了富裕的西西里島后又重建其經(jīng)濟(jì)
Sardinia and Corsica.
它也失去了富裕的撒丁島和科西嘉島
A new source of income was crucial
新的收入非常重要
and Spain presented a great window of opportunity.
西班牙提供了巨大的機(jī)會(huì)
Under the general, Hamilcar Barca,
在哈米爾卡，巴卡大將有帶領(lǐng)下
Carthage very quickly conquered almost all of southern and eastern Spain. In fact,
迦太基很快就征服了幾乎所有西班牙南部和東部地區(qū)
Spain's mineral resources made Carthage
事實(shí)上，西班牙的礦產(chǎn)資源
even wealthier than it had been prior to the first Punic War.
使迦太基更加富裕比第一次布匿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之前更富裕
Now it was the Romans' turn to be very concerned.
現(xiàn)在反而是羅馬開始擔(dān)憂
The Carthaginian war party, led by Hamilcar
迦太基戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是由哈米爾卡領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的
and his young son Hannibal,
還有他的小兒子漢尼拔
made no secret of their determination to get even with Rome for the first Punic War.
他們并沒有隱瞞自己的決定想在第一次布匿戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中與羅馬打成平手
Meanwhile, Rome had already pushed
同時(shí)，羅馬已經(jīng)把其邊境
its northern boundaries to the foot of the Alps and was looking over the Alps into southern Gaul,
向北推進(jìn)，直到阿爾卑斯山腳隔阿爾卑斯山望向南部高盧
modern day France. This would be a potential second point of conflict with Carthage.
也就是當(dāng)代的法國(guó)，這將會(huì)是與迦太基第二次作戰(zhàn)的預(yù)兆
The last thing that Rome needed was a rebuilt Carthaginian army roaring all over the western Mediterranean.
羅馬萬(wàn)事完備，只欠東風(fēng)他們需要重組的迦太基軍隊(duì)進(jìn)入西地中海地區(qū)
