評論
打印
So, for example, in a distant era now,
比如說，在以前一個遙遠的時代，
it was common when one gave a speech to basically talk like writing.
當一個人作演講，說起話來像在寫作一樣，是很平常的事情。
So I mean the kind of speech that you see someone giving in an old movie where they clear their throat, and they go,
我的意思是那種你在一部老電影里看到的演講，人們會清一下喉嚨，然后說：
"Ahem, ladies and gentlemen," and then they speak in a certain way which has nothing to do with casual speech.
啊喝，女士們，先生們，然后，他們會用一種和現在說話完全不同的方式講下去。
It's formal. It uses long sentences like this Gibbon one.
這種講話很正式。它使用像剛才吉本式的長句子。
It's basically talking like you write, and so, for example,
基本上，它就是書面表達式的講話，再比如，
we're thinking so much these days about Lincoln because of the movie.
我們這些天因為一部電影都在談論林肯。
The Gettysburg Address was not the main meal of that event.
葛底斯堡演說并不是影片的重點。
For two hours before that, Edward Everett spoke on a topic that, frankly, cannot engage us today and barely did then.
在這之前的兩個小時，愛德華?埃弗里特的演講，說實話，沒有辦法打動現在的我們而且當時也效果甚微。
The point of it was to listen to him speaking like writing.
問題的關鍵是聽他書面表達式的演講。
Ordinary people stood and listened to that for two hours.
普通人得站著聽兩個小時。
It was perfectly natural.
這在當時是非常平常的事情。
That's what people did then, speaking like writing.
這就是過去人們的演講風格，正式得就像寫作一樣。
Well, if you can speak like writing,
那么，如果你可以說話像在寫作，
then logically it follows that you might want to also sometimes write like you speak.
很自然的你也許會想要有時進行說話式的書面表達。
The problem was just that in the material,
問題就在傳輸媒介上，
mechanical sense, that was harder back in the day for the simple reason that materials don't lend themselves to it.
過去很難支持這種動手的表達活動，原因就在傳輸媒介無法滿足這個需求。
It's almost impossible to do that with your hand except in shorthand, and then communication is limited.
用手寫基本上是不可能的，除了速記外，但這又局限了交流。
On a manual typewriter it was very difficult,
用手寫打印機也非常困難，
and even when we had electric typewriters,
即使我們有了電子打印機，
or then computer keyboards, the fact is that even if you can type easily enough to keep up with the pace of speech, more or less, you have to have somebody who can receive your message quickly.
或者電腦鍵盤，事實是即便你可以輕松飛快的打字來跟得上說話的速度，或多或少，你也需要你的談話對象能快速的看到你的信息。
Once you have things in your pocket that can receive that message,
一但你在口袋里有了能接受這個信息的裝置，
then you have the conditions that allow that we can write like we speak.
你就有條件來像說話一樣打字了。
