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But it wasn't really as effective
但體育活動(dòng)對(duì)睡眠的影響
as the psychological factors
仍不及心理原因造成的影響
explaining 30% of their sleep complaints
心理原因?qū)е碌乃邌?wèn)題占到了30%
And those were depression and stress
主要是抑郁和壓力
Now stress didn't come out as the significant variable
壓力并非重要的變量
because stress and depression
因?yàn)閴毫鸵钟糁g
are so interrelated with each other
存在非常緊密的聯(lián)系
but those two psychological issues
和生理性變量相比
explain a lot more of the sleep complaints
心理原因更容易導(dǎo)致
than the physiological variables
患者的睡眠障礙
And then there are some social factors
其次是社會(huì)因素
Being in the supporter of a relationship
維持某種關(guān)系
multiple roles, wife, mother employee
多重角色 如妻子 母親 員工
have nothing to do with their sleep complaints
這些都不會(huì)對(duì)睡眠造成多大的影響
But ethnicity and education
但種族差異和受教育的差異
explain about 4% of the variance of their sleep problems
導(dǎo)致的睡眠差異大概為4%
So again, mostly, psychological and health issues
所以這又是和心理以及健康有關(guān)的原因
To summarize these studies
總結(jié)一下這些研究結(jié)論
we really don't know much
我們對(duì)中年女性的睡眠情況
about women's sleep in midlife
以及絕經(jīng)前的睡眠狀況
and how it looks before they going to menopause
了解得其實(shí)并不多
Most studies were actually looked at women
大多數(shù)研究
who are menopausal
關(guān)注的都是絕經(jīng)后的婦女
and that they had actually had no periods for a year
如果她們的月經(jīng)停了一年
and then they are eligible for studies
就有資格參加研究
We were looking at women in that decade before
在過(guò)去10年我們也對(duì)這部分女性進(jìn)行了研究
and we drop them from the research
但現(xiàn)在一旦她們進(jìn)入絕經(jīng)期
once they became menopausal or had hysterectomy
或者接受了子宮切除術(shù)
or went on hormone therapy
或激素療法 那么就不再具有參與實(shí)驗(yàn)的資格了
So we started to learn a bit more
所以我們開始慢慢的了解
about women in this age group
這個(gè)年齡段女性的睡眠情況
The psycho-social factors play a larger role than hormones
心理和社會(huì)因素比激素更容易影響睡眠
And women self-report more problems than men
女性自述的睡眠障礙超過(guò)了男性
but the objective measures are very similar
但所有這些研究
in all these studies
所采用的客觀測(cè)量方法都非常大類似
Now in the African American women
非洲裔美國(guó)婦女
who are self-reporting poor sleep
自述睡眠狀況非常糟糕
and actually sleeping less
睡眠時(shí)間也很短
the objective measures
我們客觀測(cè)量的結(jié)果
are similar to their subjective reports
和她們的自述情況非常的接近
