評論
打印
Work is a means of getting money, not in itself a meaningful human activity. P. Drucker, observing workers in the automobile industry, expresses this idea very succinctly For the great majority of automobile workers, the only meaning of the job is in the pay check, not in anything connected with the work or the product. Work appears as something unnatural, a disagreeable, meaningless and stultifying condition of getting the pay check, devoid of dignity as well as of importance. No wonder that this puts a premium on slovenly work, on slowdowns , and on other tricks to get the same pay check with less work. No wonder that this results in an unhappy and discontented worker--because a pay check is not enough to base one's self-respect on.
勞動只是一種掙錢的手段，它本身再不是一種有意義的人類活動了。彼得·德魯克在考察了汽車制造業工人的勞動狀況后，用簡潔的文字表述了這一觀點：對絕大多數汽車工人來說，勞動的唯一的意義就在那張工資支票上，而不在與其所從事的工作或產品有關的任何事情上。勞動似乎是一種很不正常的活動，是一種令人厭惡的、毫無意義的、愚蠢可笑的獲取工資支票的條件，既無任何尊嚴，也無任何重要性。無怪乎工人們要千方百計地偷懶、怠工，并用其他投機取巧的辦法，以盡可能少的勞動來換取同樣的工資支票;無怪乎這樣的勞動既不能給工人帶來愉快，也不能讓工人感到滿足--因為人的自尊不只是建筑在一張工資支票的基礎之上。
This relationship of the worker to his work is an outcome of the whole social organization of which he is a part. Being employed, he is not an active agent, has no responsibility except the proper performance of the isolated piece of work he is doing, and has little interest except the one of bringing home enough money to support himself and his family. Nothing more is expected of him, or wanted from him. He is part of the equipment hired by capital, and his role and function are determined by this quality of being a piece of equipment. In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to the psychology of the worker, and to his attitude toward his work, to the human problem of industry; but this very formulation is indicative of the underlying attitude; there is a human being spending most of his lifetime at work, and what should be discussed is the industrial problem of human beings, rather than the human problem of industry.
工人與勞動的關系乃是工人所屬的整個社會結構帶來的必然結果。由于工人是被雇用的，所以他就不會積極主動地發揮作用。除了按規定完成他自己的那部分孤立的工作任務外，他再無任何其他職責;除了想掙得足夠的錢拿回去養家糊口外，他對其他一切事情都不感興趣。社會對他也沒有更高的指望或要求。他只是資本家所雇用的機器設備的一部分，這種作為設備的一部分的性質就決定了其作用和職能。近幾十年來，人們已開始越來越關注工人的心理及其對待工作的態度，探討工業中人的問題，但這種提法本身反映了一種不正確的態度;既然是人將一生中的大部分時間用于工作，那么，應該探討的就不是什么工業中人的問題，而是人的工業問題。
