評(píng)論
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About the basic tenants of feudalism is
關(guān)于最基本的佃農(nóng)制度
We What you do is
我們,你所做的就是
You have somebody,
你有一些人
And that's why I said original pyramid scheme
這就是我為什么說(shuō)是最初的金字塔機(jī)制
If you had the King
如果在最頂端
Or Emperor at the top here, then he owns all these lands
有一個(gè)國(guó)王或者皇帝 他擁有所有的土地
He obviously wants an army
很顯然他會(huì)想要一個(gè)軍隊(duì)
He wants income and yet he doesn't want to take care of all these land
他想要收入然而他又不想去照看這些土地
And so, what he does is, he gives parts of the land to,
所以他就把他的一部分土地
You know, whatever the title is, Baron X and y
給不論什么頭銜的人比如說(shuō)XY男爵等
Keeps part of it to themselves
然后自己留一部分
And says, "Feature these guys in return for this land,
并且說(shuō)要重用這些人為了回報(bào)我給你們的土地
You're gonna give me so much money
你們要給我很多錢(qián)
And we have a war
們要是發(fā)生戰(zhàn)事的時(shí)候
You're gonna come up with so many soldiers,
你們要提供很多的士兵
And so, they say okay
他們會(huì)說(shuō)好的
They take this land and they in turn divide it off
他們得到這些土地然后再依次劃分
Obviously this link would be missing
很明顯這種聯(lián)系就會(huì)漸漸消失
And they divide it off and give it to counts,
他們把地分了分給伯爵
And so, you know, have this system
有了這樣的機(jī)制
And this people then who have money,
這樣的人 然后他們有了錢(qián)
They hire knights to do their bidding
就會(huì)招募騎士聽(tīng)候他們的差遣
And the key ingredient in any feudal system
在任何封建機(jī)制中都很關(guān)鍵的要素是忠誠(chéng)
Is one of the characteristics we talked about, is loyalty
這是我們談?wù)摰奶攸c(diǎn)之一
Now, don't be confused
現(xiàn)在不要迷惑啊
Feudalism in not Christian, is not particularly European
封建制度并不是基督教不是歐洲特有的
And it's very regional and the customs within exactly
而是區(qū)域性的 這個(gè)區(qū)域的習(xí)俗
how feudalism operated,
具體來(lái)說(shuō)就是封建制度是如何運(yùn)行地
Varied a little bit from area to area
會(huì)因地區(qū)而稍有變化的
But it was your basic system
但這是你們基本的體制
And the tendency was the form larger and larger groups
而且這種趨勢(shì)換句話來(lái)說(shuō)
In other words, to unite not to divide
就是越來(lái)越大的群組團(tuán)結(jié)在一起而不是分裂
We're talking about people in
我們?cè)谟懻撨@個(gè)體制里的人
This system, about the top ten percent of the population,
整個(gè)人口中排在前面的10%的人
And in the early points of Feudalism,
在封建社會(huì)早期的時(shí)候
Maybe for the first two hundred years,
可能是前二百年的時(shí)候
You can almost move from being almost
你幾乎可以從最底層的騎士
At the very bottom, being a Knight, to be in the very top
成為最高層的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者
When we see the documentary on Knights
當(dāng)我們看關(guān)于騎士和盔甲的紀(jì)錄片的時(shí)候
And armor, they're gonna refer
他們將會(huì)
To, what's referred, been referred
被認(rèn)為是
To as the greatest Knight of all time
史上最偉大的騎士
And he was someone who started out just as a Knight
他就是騎士出身
And by the time he died, he was a great Baron of England,
死的時(shí)候成為了英國(guó)偉大的男爵
When there was young King
如果國(guó)王很年輕的話
And so you can move up many levels through the system
你就可以靠能力
Just through ability
在這個(gè)體制中上移好幾層
That's only about the 12th century
大約是在12世紀(jì)
That we start getting into the idea of inherited rights,
開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)繼承權(quán)這個(gè)概念
