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Between 1830 and 1840
1830年到1840年間
over 70,000 Native Americans were driven west
超過7萬印第安土著因為
thanks to the Indian Removal Act.
印第安人遷移法被迫西遷
Yet the United States did not reserve
但是美國政府并沒有
this treatment for Indians.
撤銷這項政策
A fascinating side light of American history
美國歷史的另一個側面
is the so-called Mormon Trek
就是始于1847年的
which began in 1847.
摩門教徒大遷徙
The Mormons were threatened by
當時摩門教徒受到了
religious intolerance in the Midwest,
中西部的宗教迫害
individual Mormons were murdered in Illinois
很多摩門教徒在伊利諾伊州被殺害
and Governor Boggs of Missouri
密蘇里州的州長博格斯
had even called in 1838 for the extermination
甚至在1838年呼吁
of all Mormons in Missouri.
消滅密蘇里所有的摩門教徒
Consequently more than 70,000 Mormons
結果超過7萬摩門教徒
walked or rode in wagons
步行或推著小車
to their new homeland in the Utah territory.
逃往他們在猶他州的新家
There, unlike the Indians,
在那里，與印第安人不同
the Mormons were left alone by the US government
摩門教徒不再受到美國政府的干涉
and were allowed to become
而且也被允許
a full part of the United States people,
成為真正意義上的美國公民
no doubt because they were white and spoke English.
當然，因為他們都是白人而且說英語
The forced relocation of Indians and Mormons
印第安土著和摩門教徒的被迫遷徙
is an example of what is now called ethnic cleansing.
就是種族清洗的一個例子
A group of people whose presence
一些不受到政府
is undesirable to the government
歡迎的人群
is moved out with force if need be.
就會被迫被遷出
Ethnic cleansing has gone on
種族清洗這一手段
since the dawn of civilization.
從文明初始就出現了
It goes on to this day around the world.
直到今天依然存在
Relocation of the Indians and the Mormons
印第安人和摩門教徒的遷移
would not be the last time
并不是美國最后一次
the US practiced ethnic cleansing.
進行種族清洗
When the Indian Removal Act was signed in 1830
1830年印第安人遷移法簽署的時候
most Americans never dreamed that
大多數美國人從未想過
the United States would ever extend
美國能夠擴張到
too far west of the Mississippi.
密西西比河以西
The one exception was Missouri
一個例外就是密蘇里
which entered the Union in 1821
它是1821年才加入聯邦的
but was settled by whites
但是大量白人遷往定居
mainly along the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers.
主要居住在密西西比河和密蘇里河沿岸
The government promised the Indians
政府承諾印第安人
they could keep their new land
他們會保護他們的新家園
as long as grass shall grow and rivers shall run.
只要那里的草還生長，河流還流動
But after the Civil War
但是南北戰爭之后
the US again resorted to ethnic cleansing
美國又恢復了種族清洗
to run the Indian tribes
把印第安人部落
off their reservations or their native lands.
從他們原本的家園驅逐出去
The Sioux and Cheyenne managed a victory
蘇人和夏安族人
over the US Army
成功在1876年的小大角戰役中
at the 1876 Battle of Little Bighorn.
戰勝了美國軍隊
But in the long run
但是從長遠來看
the United States forces were too well equipped
美國政府的力量太過強大
and too determined to take the land by any means.
并且一心要拿下那些土地
If there was any land anywhere
如果有任何一片土地
that white people wanted for any reason
受到了白人的覬覦
the Indians were driven off.
印第安人必將受到驅逐
By 1906 most of the tribes that had been moved
到1906年，大部分的部落都遷到了
west of the Mississippi were forced to move again
密西西比以西
thanks to another round of shameful wars
后來由于另一輪戰爭
and deceitful treaties.
和令人蒙羞的條約又被迫再度遷移
Segment 4e: Conclusions.
章節4e 結語
One, Palacipia here we come.
一，我們來到了Palacipia
Not all of Thomas Jefferson's ideas
并不是所有托馬斯·杰斐遜的決策
were brilliant.
都是正確的
In 1784 a committee chaired by Thomas Jefferson
1784年杰斐遜主持的一個委員會
presented its recommendations
呈交了一份建議書
for dividing and governing the Northwest Territory.
建議劃分和治理西北地區
The government part of
建議書有關于
the committee's recommendations were acceptable
治理的部分被采用了
and they later formed
后來便成為了
the basis for the Northwest Ordinance.
西北法令的基礎
Good work Tom.
干得漂亮，湯姆
But the recommendation for creating
但是關于在西北地區
10 new states out of the Northwest Territory
劃分出10個新州的建議
was not acceptable.
并沒有被采納
You can see a map here, right,
你們可以看到這里有一幅地圖
superimposed right over me.
完全疊加在我身上了
The mere names of the states themselves
光看這些州的名字
are worth the price of admission.
還是值得承認的
Some of these names made sense;
其中一些名字還是挺像那么回事的
Michigania, Illinoia and even Washington.
密歇根州，伊利諾伊州和華盛頓
