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On this dish
在這個(gè)盤子上
the story is presented as an allegory of feminine chastity
這個(gè)故事被認(rèn)為是女性貞潔的體現(xiàn)
a virtue promoted in association with betrothal and marriage
這種貞潔是訂親和結(jié)婚中所提倡的
A late 15th century Florentine
大英博物館中所陳列的
engraving in the British Museum
一幅15世紀(jì)末期的佛羅倫薩版畫
strengthens the link of the unicorn theme with marriage
加強(qiáng)了獨(dú)角獸主題和婚姻的聯(lián)系
It shows a young woman
其中描繪的是一位少婦
caressing a unicorn in her lap
撫摸著偎依在她腿上的獨(dú)角獸
as he gazes up at her, enraptured
它以癡迷的眼神仰望著少婦
She holds in her other hand the collar and chain with
而少婦的另一只手則拿著它的頸鏈
which she's released him
少婦已經(jīng)為其解鎖 釋放它了
She's flanked by two shields which have been left blank
少婦的兩側(cè)放著兩只盾 已經(jīng)留作空白
to hold the arms of families united by marriage
用來放置由聯(lián)姻而來的家庭成員的臂章
Matthias and Beatrice were married in 1476
馬蒂亞斯和比阿特麗斯于1476年結(jié)為夫妻
but it cannot be proven that the maiolica set
但這并不能證明這一組馬爵利卡陶瓷
was made to commemorate that event
是用來紀(jì)念這個(gè)事件的
despite the suitability of the iconography for that purpose
盡管這個(gè)畫面可能符合此目的
It is likely however to have been made
然而 這有可能是在馬蒂亞斯
for the couple
于1490年逝世之前
before Matthias' death in 1490
為這對夫婦制作的
What we do know is that
但我們知道
his wife had a taste for maiolica of this sort
他的妻子確實(shí)很喜歡這種馬爵利卡陶瓷
In 1486, for example
例如 1486年的時(shí)候
the Faroese ambassador advised Eleanora Dalagona
法羅群島的大使建議
Duchess of Ferrara to send maiolica
費(fèi)拉拉的公爵夫人愛蓮諾拉·妲科娜
from Faenza to Beatrice
從佛羅倫薩進(jìn)貢馬爵利卡陶瓷給比阿特麗斯
"For she would rejoice in them
因?yàn)樗吹酱善?/div>
more than if they were made of silver"
會比擁有銀器還要欣喜
maiolica of this kind was perceived to
這種馬爵利卡陶瓷
have the high aesthetic value
被認(rèn)為在統(tǒng)治精英中
amongst the ruling elites
擁有極高的審美價(jià)值
This impressive bowl in the British Museum
收藏于大英博物館中的這只精美的瓷碗
can be shown to be closely connected with a dynastic marriage
能夠證明它是和宗室婚姻緊密相聯(lián)的
It was made in the Tuscan town of Montelupo
它大約是在1513到1521年間
between 1513 and 1521
出產(chǎn)于蒙特洛普的托斯卡納小鎮(zhèn)
We can date it from the arms and devices of
我們可以通過美第奇教皇里奧十世的
the Medici Pope, Leo X
臂章和配件推算出這個(gè)時(shí)間
who ruled during that period
他在那個(gè)時(shí)期擔(dān)任教皇 位高權(quán)重
Inside the bowl are the Medici arms
在這只瓷碗的內(nèi)側(cè)描繪的是美第奇的臂章
with the lion motif at the top
頂部還有代表里奧的
referring to Leo, as well as the tiara and the cross keys
獅子圖案 三重冠以及十字交叉鑰匙
The association with Leo is strengthened by appearance of
里奧的這種聯(lián)想通過繪在內(nèi)側(cè)的
four of his personal devices of
稱作INFREZE的其四個(gè)個(gè)人圖案
INFREZE painted on the inside
而被強(qiáng)化了
The bowl combines these devices with Leo's arms
這只碗將這些圖案和里奧的臂章進(jìn)行了結(jié)合
in a way that suggests that it was likely
這種結(jié)合方式說明它有可能是
to be a personal commission
一個(gè)私人委托制造的物品
The decoration of the outside incorporates the Medici arms
碗的外側(cè)裝飾中三次提及美第奇的臂章
three more times, supported by Puti
他的臂章由侍從提著
who bear flaming torches
這些侍從還手持熊熊燃燒的火炬
the emblem of Hymen, the ancient Roman god of marriage
還有古羅馬主宰姻緣之神許門的徽章
The theme of marriage is born out by the fact that
這種婚戀主題是這樣體現(xiàn)出來的:
the Medici arms alternate with
美第奇臂章和古羅馬
those of the three principal Roman and Florentine
和佛羅倫薩的三大家族的臂章交錯(cuò)放置
families with which the Medici allied themselves
通過這種方式 美第奇與其結(jié)為聯(lián)盟
The salviati arms seen in the detail on the right
在右邊可以看到薩爾維迪亞的臂章細(xì)節(jié)
recall the marriage of Leo's niece
這讓人聯(lián)想到里奧的侄女
Maria Salviati Giovanni Giovanni dalle Bande Nere
瑪利亞·薩莉亞提托·喬瓦尼·派朵娜拉
in 1516
于1516年舉行的婚禮
Their son was to rule Florence as Cosimo I de' Medici
他們的兒子 科西莫·德·美第奇
from 1537
從1537年開始統(tǒng)治佛羅倫薩
It was through this marriage that
通過這次聯(lián)姻
the two branches of the Medici were finally reunited
美第奇的兩個(gè)家族分支重新團(tuán)結(jié)在了一起
The marriage carried special significance
這次聯(lián)姻對美第奇家族財(cái)富的復(fù)蘇
in the revival of Medici family fortunes
具有重大的意義
and the iconography of the bowl makes it clear
而這只碗的圖像清晰地說明了
in situating the marriage
這場編織在羅馬和佛羅倫薩的
within the Medici power network
美第奇權(quán)力網(wǎng)中的
in Rome and in Florence
聯(lián)姻的關(guān)系
This beautiful dish in the Leman collection also documents
勒曼收藏系列中的這只精美的盤子
a marriage within the Papal network
也記載了教皇權(quán)利網(wǎng)內(nèi)的一次聯(lián)姻
