評論
打印
The famous Spanish lustred vase, which you see here
在大英博物館中可以看到的
in the British Museum
著名的西班牙光面花瓶
with the arms of Piedro Medici
上面繪有皮爾德羅·美第奇
or of his son Lorenzo
或其兒子洛倫佐的臂章
Is the best known example of a luxury commission
它是已知的奢侈品委托生產的最佳實例
which can be dated by the arms to 1465 to 92
通過臂章可以將其追溯到1465到1492年間
The form of the smaller Detroit vase
這個小一點的
is copied from that of a Spanish
底特律花瓶的外形
lustred flower vase
是從模仿西班牙的光面花瓶而來的
Tuscan paintings depict Spanish flower vases or plant pots
托斯卡納的繪畫描繪的是西班牙花瓶或花盆
in careful detail as luxury ceramic
其繪畫手法如奢華的陶器一樣細膩
A sophisticated Cassoni panel at the Florentine school
佛羅倫薩學校的一個精致復雜的卡索尼面板
painted with Cupid and Psyche made in 1444
上面的丘比特與普賽克創作于1444年
perhaps for the marriage of
可能是為了路克希亞·圖那伯尼
Lucrezia Tornabuoni to Pietro Medici,
和皮業德羅·美第奇的婚禮而制作的
shows Valencian vases
其中展示的是放在陽臺上
on a balcony use to grow evergreens
用于種植萬年青的巴倫西亞風格的花瓶
which have been pruned into elaborate shapes
這些花瓶的外形刻畫得非常精美
The central one taking the form of the Medici device
中間的那只花瓶體現的是美第奇
of the diamond ring and feathers
帶有羽毛的鉆戒
This is the kind of Spanish import
這是西班牙進口瓷器的一種
which inspired the Detroit vase
激發了底特律花瓶的形成
It may have served as a flower vase
它可能用作美第奇莊園中的
or as a plant pot at the Medici villa
花瓶或花盆
where it is documented in 1494
記載于1494年
At this early date
在這個較早的時期
Italian potters had not yet mastered
意大利的制陶工人還沒有掌握
the demanding lustre technique
高要求的光面技術
and could only imitate golden lustre effects in manganese brown
只能模仿錳棕色背景中的金黃色色澤的效果
as here
就像這樣
Lustre was successfully achieved
一直到1500年
in Italy by 1500
意大利的光面技術才達到日臻成熟的程度
by which date
直到這個時候
the Italians had driven the Spanish imports from their markets
意大利人才將西班牙的進口瓷器驅逐出市場
and began to dominate the luxury ceramics trade in Europe
并開始主導歐洲的奢侈陶器貿易
The vase is a key piece in the story
這個花瓶是這個故事中的重要組成部分
it's been described as a milestone
它被認為是意大利制陶工人
in the conquest by Italian potters
征服意大利客戶中的高級主顧的
of the highest levels of patronage amongst Italian clients
一座里程碑
This dish is one of four surviving pieces
這個盤子是一組非常出色的餐具中幸存的
from a remarkable set of dining wares
四件中的一件
made in Pesaro around 1476-90
大概出產于1476-1490年間 制造地為佩薩羅
The buyer was Matthias the King of Hungary
其購買者是匈牙利的國王馬蒂亞斯
and his second wife, Beatrice of Aragon
和他的第二任妻子阿拉貢的比阿特麗斯
All four of the pieces in the Corvinus set have
這一科維努斯四件套都有
broad brightly painted borders with the arms of the couple
寬大鮮亮的邊緣 其描繪的是這對夫婦的臂章
Two of the pieces are painted with narrative scenes at the centre
其中有兩件中間描繪的是敘事性場景
One in the V & A shown here
維艾博物館在這里所展示的一件瓷器上
depicts boys gathering fruit
所描繪的是男孩們在采摘果實的畫面
as an allegory of abundance
以此來象征生活的充裕
A theme associated with marriage and fertility
這是和婚姻以及生育有關的主題
At the centre of the Metropolitan's dish is a young woman
在這個大都會的盤子中央 描繪的是一位婦女
seated in a landscape
她正坐在一個景觀中
combing the mane of a unicorn
正在梳理一只獨角獸的鬃毛
which lies in her lap
這只獨角獸依偎在她的大腿上
According to legend, the fierce unicorn
相傳 這種兇猛的獨角獸
could only be tamed by a virgin
只能由處女才能馴服
after which it could be captured
之后才能將它捕獲
The deer in the background allude to
背景中的那只鹿暗示的是
the background which is to come
即將到來的未來
Here, I can't resist showing you this marvelous drawing
現在 我不禁要向你們展示這幅巨畫
by Leonardo da Vinci
這幅畫由列奧納多·達·芬奇
dating from the late 1470s
創作于15世紀70年代末
which shows a young girl pointing at the unicorn
畫面描繪的是一位少女手指著一只
which she's just tamed
她剛剛馴服的獨角獸
Leonardo recounted the story
列奧納多在他的筆記本中
in his notebooks
又重新敘述了這個故事
bringing out the erotic and sexual elements in the image
并描繪出了這個圖像中的情欲元素
he writes, "the unicorn through its lack of temperance
他這樣寫道:這只獨角獸由于缺乏節制
and because it doesn't know how to control itself
同時也由于它不知道如何控制自己
with the delight that it has for young maidens
對少女才能表現的那種喜悅
forgets its ferocity and wildness
讓它忘記了自己的兇猛和野性
and laying aside all fear
放下所有的恐懼 依偎在那里
it goes up to the seated maiden and goes to sleep in her lap
它信賴那個坐著的少女 慢慢地在她腿上睡去
and in this way, the hunters take it"
這樣 獵人才能抓住它
During the middle ages
在中世紀
this legend took on Christian connotations
這個傳說具有基督教教義
so that the maiden, who symbolizes chastity
因此這個象征著貞潔的少女
could also be compared with the Virgin Mary
能夠和圣母瑪利亞相媲美
