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But Desoto and Coronado
不過德索托和科羅納多
both left behind an important legacy;
都留下了很重要的遺產
dozens of Spanish horses
幾十匹西班牙馬
which bred rapidly
在那里迅速繁殖
and enabled the plains Indians
使得印第安人
to become excellent horsemen
在很短的時間內
in a very short period of time.
成為了優秀的騎手
Other European powers;
別的歐洲國家
the other European powers
別的歐洲國家
envied the American wealth
很羨慕美洲的財富
pouring into Spain and Portugal.
源源不斷地進入西班牙和葡萄牙
They tried mostly ineffectively to catch up.
他們努力想要趕上，雖然沒有多大成效
As Spain pushed up
隨著西班牙
from Central America
在中美進行擴張
the French and British explored
法國和英國
the northern portions of North America.
探索了北美的北部地區
In 1497 the initiate Venetian explorer
1497年，威尼斯探險家
Giovanni Cobato,
喬萬尼·科瓦托
better known to his British employers
他的英國雇主更出名
as John Cabot,
約翰卡波特
arrived in modern New Foundland.
到達了現在的紐芬蘭
The lands that Mr. Cabato discovered
卡波特先生發現的地區
were not rich
并不富裕
but they established Britain's claim
不過他們使得英國
in North America for later on.
之后有權聲稱北美是英國的屬地
The French were more energetic
法國人開始探險之后
once they got started.
顯得更加積極
Giovanni De Verrazano,
喬萬尼·德·韋拉扎諾
a native of Florence,
佛羅倫薩人
in French pay,
在法國的支持下
reached what is now North Carolina in 1524.
于1524年到達了現在的北卡羅來納
from there he sailed
從那里出來，他到達了
to the site of the modern city of New York,
今天紐約所在的地方
unfortunately he did not stake any claims.
不幸的是，他并沒有聲稱這塊地區屬于法國
In 3 expeditions between 1534 and 1542
雅克卡地亞在1534到1542年的
Jacque Cartier explored
三次探險中
the St Laurence River valley,
去了圣勞倫斯河峽谷
establishing Frances claims in North America.
為法國要求北美主權提供了依據
The first French settlers did not find
第一批到達加拿大的法國人
the future Canada very friendly.
不覺得這個地方很好
After a Quebec colony died out
在失去魁北克殖民地之后
the French tried to settle in northern Florida.
法國人試圖在佛羅里達州北部定居
Once established
剛定居下來
the French Floridians were run out
住在佛羅里達的法國人就被
by the Spanish Floridians
這里的西班牙人趕走
who had been there first.
他們來得更早
Once finally established
最后建立的
France's North American empire
法國北美帝國
included the land west of the Mississippi,
包括密西西比西部的土地
later sold to the United States
之后在路易斯安納購買案中
in the Louisiana Purchase,
賣給了美國
and north of the Great Lakes
還有五大湖北部地區
which is a territory known as Quebec.
也就是現在的魁北克地區
In 1578 Queen Elizabeth the 1st of England
1579年英國伊麗莎白一世女王派遣
sent Sir Humphrey Gilbert to colonize
漢弗萊·吉爾伯特爵士
the heathen and barbarized lands
北美野蠻荒蕪的土地
in North America.
開發為殖民地
5 years later Sir Humphrey's brother in law,
5年之后，漢弗萊爵士的弟弟
Sir Walter Raleigh finally got going
瓦爾特·羅利爵士
on the mission.
終于去執行這個任務
In 1585 Raleigh founded
1585年羅利
Britain's first North American colony
在羅文橡樹島
on Rowan Oak Island.
建立了英國第一個北美殖民地
The colony failed,
這個殖民地后來失敗了
not just once but twice.
而且是兩次
Sweden and the Netherlands
瑞典和荷蘭
also made bids for a North American empire.
也曾經試圖建立自己的北美帝國
In 1624 the Dutch bought Manhattan Island
據報道 1624年，荷蘭人以24美元的價格
for a reported price of $24
購買了曼哈頓島
and they named their settlement
他們把這個地區命名為
New Amsterdam.
新阿姆斯特丹
The city was a success
這個城市很成功
but the colony was not.
但這個殖民地可不是
Neither did the Swedish attempt
瑞典人在1638年到1655
from 1638 to 1655 to found a settlement
在德拉瓦河流域建立定居點的努力
on the Delaware River.
也是如此
The Swedish wound up
瑞典最后
giving their holdings to the Dutch in 1755.
將自己的所有地于1755年給了荷蘭
In 1674 the Dutch were forced to
1674年，荷蘭人被迫將自己的
give their quote unquote 'American Empire'
所謂"美洲帝國"
to the British.
給了英國
Britain's North American empire
英國的北美帝國
would take longer to establish
用了很長時間才得以建立
and once it did take shape
而它剛剛成型
it would become a great problem.
就變成了一個很大的問題
Segment 2E;
第5節
conclusions most simply put
結論，簡單來說
Western Europe was running out of room
西歐在1500年左右
around 1500AD.
土地變得不夠用
