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營養(yǎng)健康與癌癥預(yù)防(MP3+視頻+中英字幕) 第82期:過敏食物(5)

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Many children who have milk and egg allergies
對牛奶和蛋類過敏的兒童
are potential candidates for developing allergies
可能在兒童時期更容易出現(xiàn)
to other highly sensitizing food such as peanuts
對易引發(fā)過敏反應(yīng)的食品的過敏現(xiàn)象
during childhood.
比如花生
However people who have a peanut allergy
但是,對花生過敏的人
do not usually react to other legumes such as
反而可以接受一些其他的豆類食品
green beans, lima beans or navy beans and
比如綠豆,青豆或者海軍豆
are also likely to tolerate soy.
也可能可以接受大豆
This shows that some individuals are
這表明一些人
genetically more susceptible to
從基因上就更容易出現(xiàn)
develop food allergies.
食物過敏的現(xiàn)象
Now let's examine some treatment options
現(xiàn)在我們來討論一下
for food allergy.
食物過敏的治療方法
There is currently no cure for food allergy
目前對于食物過敏
and the American Academy of Pediatrics
并沒有治愈的方法
and the Food and Drug Administration advise
美國兒科學(xué)會和食物和藥品管理局
those with the condition to completely avoid
建議食物過敏的人遠離
the susceptible foods.
可能引發(fā)過敏的食品
However there are several promising treatments
但是確實有一些很有發(fā)展前景的
in the process of development or are in testing.
治療方法正在研究實驗過程中
Next we will look at a few of these options.
下面我們就來看看這些方法中的幾種
The first is sublingual immunotherapy
第一種是舌下免疫療法
and oral immunotherapy are based on the concept
和口腔免疫療法,它們基于這樣一種概念
that the contact of the antigen with the oral mucosa
通過口腔黏膜
and gut associated lymphoid system leads to tolerance.
和內(nèi)臟淋巴系統(tǒng)接觸抗原可以導(dǎo)致耐受性
With these treatments patients are given
用這種治療方法的病人通過口腔
minute amounts of the allergen orally and over time
接觸了很小劑量的過敏原,隨著時間推移
the quantity is increased.
他們可以接受得過敏原的劑量增加了
Only a few uncontrolled trials have been reported.
已報告的失敗的案例只有幾例
And although OIT and SLIT for egg, milk
雖然對蛋類,牛奶和榛子的過敏
and hazelnut appear to provide desensitization
用這兩種治療方法在治療期間
during therapy long term tolerance
可以達到脫敏的效用
has yet to be validated.
但是這是否長期有效尚未得到驗證
The second treatment option we will examine is
第二種治療方法是
the anti-IgE therapy.
抗IgE療法
In one research study on peanut allergy
在對花生過敏的一項實驗研究中
treatment TNX-901,
給接受實驗者使用一種抗IgE的名為
an anti-IgE antibody was administered to individuals
TNX-901的抗體,劑量從150毫克
in varying doses from 150 to 450 milligrams
到450毫克不等
each week for 4 weeks.
時間長度為4周
Results showed that the 450 milligram dose
實驗結(jié)果表明 450毫克劑量的人
significantly increased the threshold response from
可以接受的花生數(shù)量從平均半個
about one half of a peanut to 9 peanuts on average.
上升到了9個
The increased threshold would be enough to protect
上升的數(shù)量足以使
against accidental ingestion of peanuts and
對花生過敏的人,在意外吃到花生后
potentially protect the patient from a life
不受影響,也可以使他們
threatening reaction.
免于遭受生命威脅
However the results were inconsistent
但是實驗結(jié)果也有不一致的地方
and the therapy would require bimonthly
且這種療法需要兩月一次
or monthly injections for life.
或者一月一次接受注射
Still it may be useful for those
可能它對那些對花生
who have severe reactions to peanuts.
嚴重過敏的人較為有效
The third treatment option we will examine is
第三種療法也是
again for peanut allergy and is
針對花生過敏
the engineered recombinant protein.
是工程重組蛋白
The three major proteins that elicit
可以引發(fā)過敏反應(yīng)的三種
an allergenic response have been isolated
主要的蛋白質(zhì)已經(jīng)被分離出來
to identify the allergenic components of peanuts.
從而查明花生中可以導(dǎo)致過敏的部分
The proteins have been modified to
這些蛋白被進行了重組,降低它們
reduce their ability to bind with the IgE antibodies
在人體內(nèi)與IgE抗體的聯(lián)系能力
within the human body therefore
從而減少
reducing the allergenic response.
過敏反應(yīng)
The recombinant proteins have been shown to be
重組蛋白在抑制過敏癥狀發(fā)生
significantly more effective at blocking symptoms.
方面作用顯著
This treatment is undergoing further testing before
這種療法目前正在
being submitted for an application
試驗階段,今后會向
for approval by the Food and Drug Administration.
食物和藥品管理局申請批準(zhǔn)
Another treatment option that is being researched
另外一種療法是
is the food allergy herbal formula.
采用植物配方
This herb blend contains 9 Chinese herbs
這種植物配方中包括9種中草藥
and has been shown to block anaphylactic symptoms
在對老鼠進行的臨床試驗中
and provide protection against symptoms of
在抑制花生過敏的過敏性反應(yīng)
peanut allergy in a clinical study performed on mice.
方面效果顯著
The FDA has recently approved the application
食物和藥品管理局最近批準(zhǔn)了這項申請
and a Phase I clinical trial will soon be underway.
一期臨床試驗即將開始
In summary, food allergies are an autoimmune response
總結(jié)下來,食物過敏是一種自身免疫反應(yīng)
that is often mistaken for food intolerance.
經(jīng)常被誤認為是食物不耐癥
Research and reporting has found that peanut allergy
研究及報告顯示尤其是
in particular appears to be increasing and theories
花生過敏的數(shù)量一直在增加
as to why this is happening are still being examined.
而這其中的原因還未找到
Genetic, environmental and immunological influences
人們進行了基因,環(huán)境和
are being examined to explain
免疫系統(tǒng)方面的研究來解釋食物過敏是
how food allergies develop and many research studies
如何產(chǎn)生發(fā)展的,目前仍然有很多實驗研究
are underway to find this answer.
正在進行中來尋找答案
Improved diagnosis, allergy management and
成功診斷,過敏管理和患者教育
patient education have improved in recent years
近年來都得到了發(fā)展,對食物過敏的人
and foods that elicit allergenic responses
應(yīng)該遠離
should be avoided.
可能引發(fā)過敏反應(yīng)的食物
While a cure is not available numerous
雖然目前沒有可行的治愈方法
treatment options are being examined.
但是有很多療法正處于研究試驗階段
Reading food ingredient lists and asking questions
目前對食物過敏的人來說
about the foods you plan to consume are
最好的方式是閱讀食物成分表
currently the best defense for those
以及詢問你要吃的食物的
with food allergies.
成分包括什么

重點單詞   查看全部解釋    
available [ə'veiləbl]

想一想再看

adj. 可用的,可得到的,有用的,有效的

聯(lián)想記憶
allergy ['ælədʒi]

想一想再看

n. 過敏癥,反感,厭惡

聯(lián)想記憶
therapy ['θerəpi]

想一想再看

n. 療法,治療

 
severe [si'viə]

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adj. 劇烈的,嚴重的,嚴峻的,嚴厲的,嚴格的

聯(lián)想記憶
academy [ə'kædəmi]

想一想再看

n. 學(xué)院,學(xué)術(shù),學(xué)會

 
ingestion [in'dʒestʃən]

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n. 攝取;咽下;吸收

 
trial ['traiəl]

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adj. 嘗試性的; 審訊的
n. 嘗試,努力

 
pediatrics [.pi:di'ætriks]

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n. [醫(yī)]小兒科 =paediatrics(英)

聯(lián)想記憶
susceptible [sə'septəbl]

想一想再看

adj. 易受外界影響的,易受感染的

聯(lián)想記憶
potential [pə'tenʃəl]

想一想再看

adj. 可能的,潛在的
n. 潛力,潛能

 
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