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The world this week-Business
本周商業報道
Tesco reported a worse-than-expected pre-tax loss of 6.4 billion ($9.6 billion) for the year to February 28th, one of the biggest losses in British corporate history. The world's third-biggest supermarket retailer, which is being squeezed by discount rivals such as Aldi, booked several charges and took a hefty write-down in the value of its stores. Dave Lewis, the chief executive, said it had been “a very difficult year”, an understatement given the catalogue of profit warnings.
截止到2月28日的2014財年，樂購超市稅前虧損64億英鎊，比想象的更糟糕。這是英國公司歷史上絕無僅有的虧損數額。作為世界第三大零售超市，樂購遭遇到阿爾迪等折扣超市的激烈競爭，并且受到幾件官司的影響及其市面價值急劇下降。CEO大衛·劉易斯稱，對樂購來說“這一年不好過“。從收益表來看，情況要比他所述嚴重。
Meanwhile, Which? lodged a complaint with Britain's competition authority against what it described assupermarkets' “misleading” pricing practices from “ dodgy multi-buys to baffling sales offers”. The consumer lobby said that convoluted pricing has left customers bewildered.
同時， Which? 向英國競爭委投訴了關于超市”誤導人”的標價策略。這些策略包括從“騙人的多件更便宜”到“讓人眼花撩亂的特價商品”。這家消費者游說代表稱，這些迷惑人的標價手段讓消費者困惑。
Petrobras, Brazil's state-controlled oil giant, released its much-delayed quarterly results, its first audited accounts since a corruption scandal involving former executives shook the government of President Dilma Rousseff. The company wrote off 6.2 billion reais (2.1 billion) because of the alleged graft and a further 44.6 billion reais for overvalued assets, mainly on a petrochemical plant and a refinery.
巴西國營石油巨頭巴西石油，公布了延期已久的季度報表。這是自其前首席等人貪污受賄丑聞動搖了總統迪爾瑪·羅塞夫政府以來，首個審計后的賬目。由于涉嫌貪污，且另有446億雷亞爾的高估資產，公司購銷了用于建設石油化工廠和精煉廠的62億雷亞爾（合約21億美元）。
Executives from Comcast met regulators at the Justice Department and Federal Communications Commission to argue the case for their proposed $45 billion takeover of Time Warner Cable. Comcast did not comment about the talks, but the FCC might hold an administrative hearing on the deal, which would be a sign that it is not warming to the idea.
就450億收購時代華納有線電視公司的提議，康卡斯特的高管們與來自司法部和聯邦通信委員會的人員進行了見面會談。康卡斯特并沒有對會談發表看法，但是聯邦通信委員會就該收購進行行政聽審，這可能是表明其對這個想法并無好感。
In an attempt to increase lending to business, the People's Bank of China lowered the level of cash that banks must set aside as reserves, reducing the reserve-requirement ratio by one percentage point, the biggest cut since the global financial crisis in 2008. This came after data showed that China's economy grew in the first quarter at its weakest pace since early 2009 and that industrial production had slowed considerably in March.
為了進一步鼓勵商業貸款，中國人民銀行降低了銀行存款準備金，把存款準備金率降至1%，這是自2008年全球金融危機以來最大幅度的下調。在此之前，有數據顯示，中國經濟第一季度出現自2009年初以來最緩慢增速，且三月份工業產量大幅下降。
The Nikkei 225 stockmarket index closed above 20,000 for the first time in 15 years. Japanese shares have been boosted in part by a government-backed drive for companies to return more of their 231 trillion yen ($1.9 trillion) cash pile to shareholders. Markets were also buoyed by Japan's first monthly trade surplus in three years.
日經225股票指數收盤位超過20000點，此為15年來首次。日本政府支持企業向股民返還231萬億日元（合約1.9萬億美元）資金，受此舉刺激，日本股市大漲。日本3年來首次出現月度貿易順差也刺激了市場上揚。
Wonga, Britain's biggest payday lender, reported an annual loss, following a crackdown on the industry that led to a 36% drop in its lending volumes.
由于受到了行業打壓而導致借款總量降低了36%，英國最大的短期信貸公司Wonga公布了年度虧損報告。
A 36-year-old day trader operating out of a suburban house in London that sits under Heathrow's flight path was charged by American authorities with involvement in the “flash crash” on May 6th 2010 that saw stockmarkets dive by 10% within just a few minutes. Navinder Singh Sarao appeared in court to fight his extradition to America, where he is accused, among other things, of “spoofing” the futures market by placing phoney orders.
36歲英國交易員納溫德·辛格·薩勞，居住在倫敦郊區位于希思羅航線下方的房子里。美國政府指控他涉嫌參與2010年5月6號導致股票價格幾分鐘內下跌10%的“閃電崩盤“。繼在美國被抓后，納溫德出庭就因涉嫌出售虛假訂單擾亂期貨市場而被引渡到美國進行辯護。
The febrile dealmaking in the drug industry continued as Teva, based in Israel and the world's biggest maker of generic drugs, launched an unsolicited $40 billion takeover of Mylan, an American rival. Mylan had itself recently offered $29 billion for Perrigo, which has its headquarters in Ireland (that deal has been scotched). If it succeeds, Teva's acquisition would be the biggest foreign takeover yet made by an Israeli firm.
制藥行業交易熱度不斷。世界最大的非專利藥品生產公司---以色列梯瓦公司 主動提出以400億美元的價格收購競爭對手美國邁蘭制藥。邁蘭不久前提出以290億美元價格收購總部位于愛爾蘭的百利高（交易未能達成）。如果梯瓦收購成功，這將成為以色列公司最大的境外并購。
After years of declining profit margins Volvo dismissed Olof Persson as chief executive. The Swedish lorry-maker named Martin Lundstedt as its new boss, who currently heads Scania, a rival that is owned by Volkswagen. The German carmaker has had its own management problems of late, with its supervisory board issuing support for Martin Winterkorn as chief executive despite his spat with Ferdinand Pi?ch, the chairman.
因利潤率逐年下降，沃爾沃罷免了首席執行官歐羅夫·佩森。瑞典籍卡車制造商倫德斯·泰特接任，他當前是沃爾沃的競爭對手——大眾旗下斯堪尼亞公司的首席執行官。大眾汽車近來管理層出現了問題，監管理事支持馬丁·文德恩當首席執行官，即使其與董事長費迪南德·皮耶希有矛盾。
Google launched a wireless service that charges $20 a month for phone and text services and $10 per gigabyte of data, but which refunds customers if they don't use all their data allowance. It also overhauled its mobile-search algorithm to prefer sites that are mobile-friendly. The consequences for the search rankings of some organisations have caused the change to be dubbed “mobilegeddon”.
谷歌開通了一項無線網絡服務，電話和短信服務每月20美元，1G流量每月10美元，但是流量如果沒有用完將退費給消費者。而且更新了移動搜索系統中的推薦網頁使其更適合手機。這導致眾多企業的搜索排名改變，人們稱之為“手機浩劫”。
Cirque du Soleil was bought by a consortium that includes Fosun, a Chinese conglomerate that hopes to develop the acrobatic troupe's shows in China, where they have not gone down so well with audiences used to large-scale circuses. Fosun has been boosting its entertainment portfolio to tap into leisure spending by China's middle classes, buying Club Med this year and investing in Thomas Cook.
太陽馬戲團被包括中國巨頭復興集團在內的財團收購。復興集團希望發展中國的雜技表演，中國觀眾過去常看大型馬戲演出，但是今日不同往日。復興大力發展娛樂產業來挖掘中國中產階級的娛樂花費，今年購買了地中海俱樂部并投資了通濟隆。翻譯：劉苗苗 校對：戴秀平
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