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During pregnancy, many women will have food cravings
懷孕期間，許多女性會突然很想吃一些食物
based on taste, smell, or texture.
食物種類因味道，氣味，或材料不同
In some women, these cravings can be dangerous.
對一些女性而言，這種渴望有可能很危險
PICA is an abnormal ingestion of non-food items
異食癖是指一種不正常的攝入非食物類
or ingestion of food in excessive amounts.
或過量攝入食物
PICA is a potentially fatal and may lead to
異食癖很可能是致命的，也許會
complications to the pregnancy
影響懷孕
depending on what substance is consumed.
這主要取決于食用了什么物質
Consumption of laundry detergent, baking soda,
異食癖的孕婦食用洗衣粉，小蘇打
corn starch, or coffee grounds has been reported
玉米淀粉，或咖啡渣都
in women with PICA.
已經是報道過的了
Intestinal disturbances, such as an obstruction
腸功能失調，例如會引發阻塞
or contamination can result from these situations
或污染
or more severe complications,
或者更嚴重的影響
for example metabolic alkalosis, can occur
例如，有可能發生代謝性堿中毒
if a box of baking soda is consumed.
如果服用了一盒小蘇打的話
Over consumption of foods can also lead to
過量食用食物也會引發
excess weight gain or hyperglycemia.
超重或高血糖癥
Furthermore, women can damage their teeth
此外，女性很有可能損傷自己的牙齒
by either consuming hard or acidic compounds.
如果吃太硬或太酸的食物的話
Studies have shown a smaller head circumference
研究表明，胎兒的頭圍變小
of the child is correlated with the mother eating clay
與母親在孕期食用
or dirt during pregnancy.
黏土或泥土是有關的
The poison center advises women not to
防中毒中心建議女性
consume coffee grounds
不要食用咖啡渣
because it can be associated with caffeine toxicity.
因為有可能會咖啡因中毒
PICA is a medical emergency
異食癖是一種醫療緊急事故
and at the first sign of this abnormal behavior,
一旦發現這種不正常的行為
medical assistance must be sought
就應尋求醫療幫助
to prevent damage to the health
以避免損害
of the mother and the baby.
母體和胎兒的健康
Less severe than PICA, many women think that
沒有異食癖那么嚴重的是，許多女性認為
cravings are a sign that the baby needs specific food
渴望某種事物表示胎兒需要某種食物
and that they are free to eat whatever they feel like.
因此，母親可以隨意食用胎兒想吃的食物
For example, the coworker
例如
who munches on a jar of pickles throughout the day
一個孕婦整天都嚼食一罐酸菜
because she believes that the baby wants them
因為她覺得胎兒需要
may be increasing here intake of sodium
但這會過量增加鈉元素的攝入量
to a dangerous level.
引發危險
Several years ago,
幾年前
the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists stated that
美國婦產科學院申明
when exercising while pregnant heart rate
鍛煉時，孕婦的心率
should not exceed 140 beats per minute
每分鐘不能超過140下
and the exercise shouldn't last more than 15 minutes.
鍛煉時間也不應超過15分鐘
Now the American College of Obstetricians
如今，美國婦產科學院
and Gynecologists recommend moderate exercise
建議孕婦要進行適當的運動
30 minutes or more for most days of the week.
盡量每天鍛煉30分鐘或30分鐘以上
For many women, once they learn that
對許多女性而言，一旦她們得知
they are pregnant, they stop exercising.
自己懷孕了，就停止鍛煉了
For some, this may be because they don't understand
對一些人而言，也許是因為她們不懂得
the benefits of regular exercise
經常鍛煉的益處
or they feel uncomfortable.
或是她們覺得不舒服
During pregnancy, changes occur in hormones,
懷孕期間，激素水平
body, balance, and heart rate.
體重，平衡狀態及心率都會發生變化
Because of the extra weight,
由于體重增加
balance will be off and joints will be strained.
身體會失去平衡，關節也會扭傷
Also, exercise increases the flood of oxygen blood
鍛煉能夠使更多的有氧血液
to the muscles being worked and away from other parts
流入鍛煉的肌肉或者將有氧血液移除
of your body including the fetus.
身體其他部位包括胎兒部位
Therefore, care must be taken to participate in exercise
因此，必須小心謹慎地參加鍛煉
that avoids these issues.
以避免這些問題
The first step is
第一步
to speak with your healthcare professional
與自己的醫療保健醫師進行溝通
before starting an exercise regimen.
然后再開始鍛煉養生
Exercising has many benefits
鍛煉的益處很多
for both the mother and the fetus.
對母親和胎兒都很有益
For the mother, it can improve
對母親而言，能夠提高
cardiovascular function, limit pregnancy weight gain,
心血管功能，控制孕期體重增加
decrease muscle and skeletal discomfort,
減少肌肉和骨骼不適
reduce muscle cramps, reduce lower limb swelling,
減少肌肉痙攣，減少下肢腫脹
and stabilize mood.
平和內心等
