評(píng)論
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And I think particularly now,
我認(rèn)為尤其是目前
as we see ourselves in a time of environmental crisis,
我們明白人類身處環(huán)境危機(jī)時(shí)代
we can learn so much from these people
我們可從這些族群身上學(xué)到許多東西
who have lived so sustainably in this ecosystem
他們?cè)谶@片生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中
for over 10,000 years.
生活了1萬多年
In the heart of this ecosystem is the very antithesis
這片生態(tài)系統(tǒng)蘊(yùn)含的核心價(jià)值
of all of these values that we've been talking about,
與我們目前追求的目標(biāo)大相徑庭
and I think these are some of the core values
我認(rèn)為其中某些核心價(jià)值
that make us proud to be Canadians.
令身為加拿大人的我們引以為傲
This is the Alberta tar sands,
這是阿爾伯塔省油砂礦
the largest oil reserves on the planet
它是世上石油蘊(yùn)藏量最豐富的地區(qū)
outside of Saudi Arabia.
除了沙特阿拉伯之外
Trapped underneath the boreal forest
在北方森林
and wetlands of northern Alberta
及北阿爾伯塔省濕地下方
are these vast reserves of this sticky, tar-like bitumen.
蘊(yùn)藏著大量粘稠、似焦油的瀝青
And the mining and the exploitation of that
挖掘及開采這些礦脈的舉動(dòng)
is creating devastation on a scale that the planet has never seen before.
對(duì)地球造成史無前例的破壞
I want to try to convey some sort of a sense of the size of this.
我試著說明這些破壞的規(guī)模
If you look at that truck there,
以圖中的卡車為例
it is the largest truck of its kind of the planet.
它是同類卡車中最大的一種
It is a 400-ton-capacity dump truck
承載量達(dá)400噸的砂石車
and its dimensions are 45 feet long
規(guī)格為45英呎長
by 35 feet wide and 25 feet high.
35英呎寬、25英呎高
If I stand beside that truck,
如果站在卡車旁
my head comes to around the bottom
我的頭部大約只到
of the yellow part of that hubcap.
黃色輪框蓋底部
Within the dimensions of that truck,
在這輛卡車體積范圍內(nèi)
you could build a 3,000-square-foot two-story home
你可輕易建造一棟 面積3000平方英呎、兩層樓高的房子
quite easily. I did the math.
我曾經(jīng)計(jì)算過
So instead of thinking of that as a truck,
因此，與其將它視為一輛卡車
think of that as a 3,000-square-foot home.
不如將它視為一棟 面積3000平方英呎的房子
That's not a bad size home.
一棟不小的房子
And line those trucks/homes back and forth
這些卡車在這片區(qū)域中來回奔馳
across there from the bottom
從底部
all the way to the top.
直到頂端
And then think of how large that very small section of one mine is.
想象一下這片區(qū)域的大小，這僅是礦場(chǎng)的一小部分
Now, you can apply that same kind of thinking
現(xiàn)在，你可將同樣想法運(yùn)用到
here as well.
這片區(qū)域
Now, here you see -- of course, as you go further on,
如圖所示－當(dāng)然，當(dāng)你將視線拉遠(yuǎn)
these trucks become like a pixel.
這些卡車彷佛圖中的小點(diǎn)
Again, imagine those all back and forth there.
同樣地，想象一下這片區(qū)域
How large is that one portion of a mine?
占整個(gè)礦場(chǎng)多大部分？
That would be a huge, vast metropolitan area,
相當(dāng)于幅員廣大的都會(huì)區(qū)
probably much larger than the city of Victoria.
或許比維多利亞城大得多
And this is just one of a number of mines,
這只是眾多礦場(chǎng)之一
10 mines so far right now.
目前共有10個(gè)礦場(chǎng)
This is one section of one mining complex,
這只是其中一個(gè)礦場(chǎng)的一部分
and there are about another 40 or 50 in the approval process.
目前大約有四、五十個(gè)礦場(chǎng)正進(jìn)行審核
No tar sands mine has actually ever been denied approval,
事實(shí)上不曾有任何油砂礦無法通過審核
so it is essentially a rubber stamp.
因此基本上只是走走過場(chǎng)
The other method of extraction is what's called the in-situ.
另一種開采方式叫做“就地鉆探”
And here, massive amounts of water
如圖所示，大量水
are super-heated and pumped through the ground,
經(jīng)高溫加熱后泵入地底
through these vasts networks of pipelines,
通過管線
seismic lines, drill paths, compressor stations.
震測(cè)線、鉆探途徑及壓縮站組成的龐大網(wǎng)絡(luò)
And even though this looks maybe not quite as repugnant
盡管看起來或許不如露天采礦場(chǎng)般
as the mines, it's even more damaging in some ways.
那么令人怵目驚心 但以某種程度來說，卻造成更大破壞
It impacts and fragments a larger part of the wilderness,
它使更大片原野受到影響、支離破碎
where there is 90 percent reduction of key species,
導(dǎo)致關(guān)鍵物種減少90％
like woodland caribou and grizzly bears,
例如北美馴鹿和灰熊
and it consumes even more energy, more water,
消耗更多能源及水源
and produces at least as much greenhouse gas.
產(chǎn)生至少與前者相當(dāng)?shù)臏厥覛怏w
So these in-situ developments are at least as
因此就地鉆探對(duì)生態(tài)的破壞至少
ecologically damaging as the mines.
與露天采礦不相上下
