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Henry established central courts at Westminster, and sent newly appointed royal justices on a circuit around the country.
亨利在威斯敏斯特建立了中央法院,并且對新任命的在國家巡回的皇家大法官們發號施令。
These circuit judges would meet regularly and agree to follow one another's decisions... thus ensuring common practice throughout England.
這些巡回法官會定期見面,并且承諾遵守彼此的決定…從而確保全英國的統一。
A distinct method of law making emerged.
一種特立獨行的立法因此出現。
Laws now evolved through precedent as well as royal decree.
現在法律通過先例以及皇家法令得以進化。
Disputes over land were important in this agricultural society.
而這個農業社會關于土地的爭論從未休止而且總是那么至關重要。
Traditionally, they had been determined by trial by battle, in which opponents exchanged blows to resolve the issue.
傳統上,他們通過法庭上的唇槍舌戰分出個結果,對手們會互相斗爭以解決問題。
Only the King could summon a body of men to give a verdict on oath, so royal justice could offer a new, non-violent, alternative, something not available in baronial courts - trial by jury.
只有國王才能召喚法官給予裁決,所以皇家司法機構提供了一種新的、非暴力、可替代,男爵法院中不曾有過的裁決方式—那就是經由陪審團審判。
"Every free man can retain his right in his tenement "and avoid the doubtful outcome of a duel.
“每一個自由身之人都可以保留自己的權利”,避免決斗產生的可疑結果。
"When the 12 knights have been chosen, "they are to be summoned to come to court "to swear on oath which party has the greater right."
“當12位騎士被選定之時,”他們被召集來到法院“起誓哪一方擁有更大的權利。”
