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Frederic Francois Chopin, Polish-born composer and renowned pianist, was the creator of 55 mazurkas, 13 polonaises, 24 preludes, 27 etudes, 19 nocturnes, 4 ballads, and 4 scherzos.
肖邦是近代浪漫派的抒情音樂家，他在音樂史中，是一位神秘、愛國而最富于詩意生命的鋼琴家。他一生創(chuàng)作了 55 部馬祖卡舞曲，13 部波羅涅滋，24 首序曲，27 首練習(xí)曲，19 首夜曲，4 首敘事曲以及 4 部詼諧曲。
Frederic Chopin was born in Zelazowa Wola, Poland, on February 22, 1810, to a French father and Polish mother.
1810 年 2 月 12 日，肖邦出生于波蘭華沙郊區(qū)的熱拉佐瓦沃拉。
His father, Nicholas Chopin, was a French tutor to many aristocratic Polish families, later accepting a position as a French teacher at the Warsaw Lyceum.
他的父親尼古拉斯是具有波蘭血統(tǒng)的法國人，而母親卻是一位純粹的波蘭人。
Although Chopin later attended the Lyceum where his father taught, his early training began at home.
尼古拉斯原本是波蘭貴族家庭的一名法語教師，后來到華沙的一所中學(xué)教授法語。
This included receiving piano lessons from his mother. By the age of six, Chopin was creating original pieces, showing innate prodigious musical ability.
肖邦最初接觸音樂的機(jī)會是跟隨母親學(xué)鋼琴。六歲那年，肖邦創(chuàng)作出了人生的第一部作品，充分展現(xiàn)了他與生俱來的非凡的音樂天賦。
His parents arranged for the young Chopin to take piano instruction from Wojciech Zywny.
不久后，他進(jìn)入了父親在的學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)，并在父母的安排下，跟隨捷克音樂家 W.日夫尼學(xué)習(xí)鋼琴。
When Chopin was sixteen, he attended the Warsaw Conservatory of Music, directed by composer Joseph Elsner.
中學(xué)畢業(yè)后，肖邦進(jìn)入華沙音樂學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)，從師德國音樂家 J.A.F 埃爾斯納。
Elsner, like Zywny, insisted on the traditional training associated with Classical music but allowed his students to investigate the more original imaginations of the Romantic style as well.
與日尼夫相同的是，埃爾斯納在堅(jiān)持古典派推崇的傳統(tǒng)練習(xí)外，鼓勵學(xué)生們從浪漫派中吸取靈感。 離開華沙音樂學(xué)院后，肖邦來到了當(dāng)時的音樂圣地－維。
As often happened with the young musicians of both the Classical and Romantic Periods, Chopin was sent to Vienna, the unquestioned center of music for that day.
在那里，肖邦不僅舉行了多場音樂會，也發(fā)表了不少音樂作品。在波蘭民族運(yùn)動走向高潮，與沙俄的戰(zhàn)爭一觸即發(fā)的時候，肖邦身在奧地利。
He gave piano concerts and then arranged to have his pieces published by a Viennese publishing house there.
不久，他回到華沙為出國做準(zhǔn)備。臨行前，華沙音樂學(xué)院的師生們?yōu)樗托校①浺允M祖國泥土的銀杯。
While Chopin was in Austria, Poland and Russia faced off in the apparent beginnings of war.
盡管從此肖邦再也沒有回到他深愛著的祖國，他一直保存著這捧祖國的泥土。
He returned to Warsaw to get his things in preparation of a more permanent move.
為了得到更多浪漫派聽眾的認(rèn)可，加上自己擁有一半的法國血統(tǒng)，肖邦來到了法國巴黎。
While there, his friends gave him a silver goblet filled with Polish soil. He kept it always, as he was never able to return to his beloved Poland.
在這里，肖邦結(jié)識了西歐文藝界許多重要人物，包括匈牙利藝術(shù)家李斯特，柏遼茲，意大利音樂家貝利尼等新浪漫主義的擁護(hù)者。
French by heritage, and desirous of finding musical acceptance from a less traditional audience than that of Vienna, Chopin ventured to Paris.
盡管肖邦有時也在大型音樂廳演出，但他更喜歡在家或是一些私人的場合，享受更融洽的氛圍。
Interestingly, other young musicians had assembled in the city of fashion with the very same hope.
有趣的是，許多抱有同樣想法的年輕音樂家們也都聚集到了這座流行之都。
Chopin joined Franz Liszt, Hector Berlioz, Felix Mendelssohn, Vincenzo Bellini, and Auguste Franchomme, all proponents of the "new" Romantic style. Although Chopin did play in the large concert halls on occasion, he felt most at home in private settings, enjoying the social milieu that accompanied concerts for the wealthy.
弗朗茲李斯特肖邦加入,赫克托耳柏遼茲,門德爾松,維琴佐·貝里尼和奧古斯特·Franchomme,所有的支持者“新”的浪漫風(fēng)格。盡管肖邦玩有時也在大型音樂廳演出,他覺得在國內(nèi)大部分集中在私人場合,享受這種社會環(huán)境對富人伴隨著音樂會。
He also enjoyed teaching, as this caused him less stress than performing.
他也更喜歡教學(xué)時放松的心情。
Chopin did not feel that his delicate technique and intricate melodies were as suited to the grandiose hall as they were to smaller environments and audiences.
肖邦認(rèn)為他細(xì)致優(yōu)美的演奏技巧和紛繁的旋律更適合小環(huán)境演奏，而不適合宏偉的音樂廳。
News of the war in Poland inspired Chopin to write many sad musical pieces expressing his grief for "his" Poland.
波蘭陷入戰(zhàn)火的消息促使他寫了許多充滿悲傷的作品，以表達(dá)對祖國波蘭的哀傷與思念，其中包括名曲《革命練習(xí)曲》。
Among these was the famous "Revolutionary Etude." Plagued by poor health as well as his homesickness, Chopin found solace in summer visits to the country.
肖邦的健康狀況一直不佳，加上思鄉(xiāng)心切，一度患上肺病，曾在法國南部療養(yǎng)。
Here, his most complex yet harmonic creations found their way to the brilliant composer's hand. The "Fantasia in F Minor," the "Barcarolle," the "Polonaise Fantasia," "Ballade in A Flat Major," "Ballade in F Minor," and "Sonata in B Minor" were all products of the relaxed time Chopin enjoyed in the country.
期間寫過不少成名的珍品。《F 小調(diào)幻想曲》，《威尼斯船歌》，《幻想波羅涅滋舞曲》，《降 A 大調(diào)敘事曲》，《F 小調(diào)敘事曲》，《B 小調(diào)奏鳴曲》等都是在南部療養(yǎng)時創(chuàng)作的。
As the war continued in Warsaw and then reached Paris, Chopin retired to Scotland with friends.
戰(zhàn)事從華沙蔓延到了巴黎，肖邦不得不和朋友們躲避至蘇格蘭。
Although he was far beyond the reach of the revolution, his melancholy attitude did not improve and he sank deeper into a depression.
雖然肖邦遠(yuǎn)離了波蘭的戰(zhàn)火，但他憂郁的情緒絲毫沒有改善，反而陷入了更深的沮喪之中。
Likewise, his health did not rejuvenate either. A window in the fighting made it possible for Chopin to return to Paris as his health deteriorated further.
同樣地，他的健康狀況也沒有恢復(fù)。回巴黎后，肖邦的健康狀況急劇下降，最終在友人們的陪伴下逝世于巴黎的寓所中，
Surrounded by those that he loved, Frederic Francois Chopin died at the age of 39. He was buried in Paris. Chopin's last request was that the Polish soil in the silver goblet be sprinkled over his grave.
最終在友人們的陪伴下逝世于巴黎的寓所中，結(jié)束了短短 39 年的生命。他的遺體被安葬在巴黎。 肖邦最后的遺愿是將銀杯中祖國波蘭的泥土撒在他的墓碑上。
