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Part 1 Something About the Bank 銀行相關(guān)背景知識(shí)
隨著國(guó)際間政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域交流的不斷擴(kuò)大，國(guó)內(nèi)改革開放政策的日益深入，銀行在人們的日常生活中作用越來(lái)越大。不管是在國(guó)內(nèi)還是在國(guó)外，同銀行打交道已經(jīng)成為人們生活中司空見慣的事。
西方國(guó)家的銀行體系非常發(fā)達(dá)，其數(shù)量之多，效率之高，服務(wù)范圍之廣，無(wú)不讓人感到現(xiàn)代文明帶給人們的種種方便和優(yōu)越。電腦已運(yùn)用于各項(xiàng)銀行業(yè)務(wù)，儲(chǔ)戶可在全國(guó)各地同一銀行支行辦理各項(xiàng)業(yè)務(wù)。而且所有的銀行都設(shè)有自動(dòng)存取機(jī)，就是auto-bank，設(shè)在銀行門口，各個(gè)街區(qū)的主要大街，地鐵站，超市旁。如果你外出不方便攜帶大筆款項(xiàng)，只需將你的存折或銀行信用卡隨身帶上，就能隨時(shí)隨地存取現(xiàn)款了。這樣既方便又安全。
先來(lái)了解一下國(guó)外銀行的一些業(yè)務(wù)常識(shí)。首先，去銀行之前，先要了解銀行的營(yíng)業(yè)時(shí)間。英美銀行一般在早上9：30開始營(yíng)業(yè)，下午4點(diǎn)關(guān)門。每周五天工作制，周六周日休息。到了銀行，先填存款或取款單。不管有幾個(gè)人，都要自覺排隊(duì)。在別人存款或取款時(shí)，你必須站在離他一兩米遠(yuǎn)的地方等后，千萬(wàn)不要圍在窗口或別人身旁。聽到營(yíng)業(yè)員叫時(shí)，再過去辦理業(yè)務(wù)。如：I'd like to withdraw $300 from my account. 我想取300元錢?；蛘逫 want to deposit $ 200 in my account. 我想存200美元。如果你想在這家銀行開戶，就可以這樣說(shuō)：May I open an account here, please? 我想開戶。營(yíng)業(yè)員就會(huì)問：What type of account? 開哪一類的賬戶？
英美銀行業(yè)務(wù)又很多種，如：活期存款賬戶，就是：checking account；定期賬戶，term/fixed deposit 等等。在國(guó)外短期居留的人一般來(lái)說(shuō)辦一個(gè)儲(chǔ)蓄帳戶就行了。這種賬戶既方便、安全又實(shí)惠，因?yàn)槟塬@得一定的利息收入，其他形式的賬戶一般沒有利息，而且每當(dāng)你開出一張支票，銀行還要扣你的服務(wù)費(fèi)，也就是service charge. 儲(chǔ)蓄帳戶又兩種主要形式，一種是(daily interest) savings account /current account. 相當(dāng)于我國(guó)的活期儲(chǔ)蓄，可以隨時(shí)支取，而且有利息。另一種是premium savings account或term (fixed) deposit, 相當(dāng)于我國(guó)的定期儲(chǔ)蓄，利息是最高的。
還有一點(diǎn)就是在辦理開戶手續(xù)時(shí)，營(yíng)業(yè)員一定會(huì)讓你留下親筆簽名，signature，這是今后核對(duì)的重要依據(jù)，所以簽名最好是信手寫來(lái)，不要一筆一劃，以防被別人模仿，給自己造成經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。
辦完開戶手續(xù)后，一般來(lái)說(shuō)定期儲(chǔ)蓄當(dāng)場(chǎng)就可拿到存單?；钇趦?chǔ)蓄一般先給一本臨時(shí)存折，過一兩周后就會(huì)收到銀行寄給你的塑料卡，這張卡上用鋼印打有你的名字和賬號(hào)，你就可以用它辦理你的存取款業(yè)務(wù)了。為了安全起見，你應(yīng)該記住你的存折密碼，然后將其銷毀，以防不測(cè)。
Useful Words and Phrases:
current deposit, current account 活期存款
fixed deposit, fixed account 定期存款
fixed deposit by installments 零存整取
joint account 聯(lián)名存款帳戶
to open an account 開戶頭
to close an account, to clear an account 結(jié)清
to draw money 取款
drawing-out slip 取款單
the number slip 號(hào)碼牌
a withdrawal form 取款單
to fill in the receipt in duplicate 一式兩份填這張收據(jù)
teller, cashier 出納員
buying rate 買進(jìn)價(jià)格
selling rate 賣出價(jià)格
exchange table, conversion table 匯兌換算表
foreign exchange 外匯
exchange rate 外匯率
conversion rate 折合率
foreign exchange restriction 外匯限額
foreign exchange quotations 外匯行情
to check the rate for sb. 查牌價(jià)
currency, money 貨幣
money changing 兌換貨幣
an exchange form 兌換單
bank note 鈔票
note of large denomination 大票
note of small denomination 小票
small change 零錢
subsidiary money 輔幣
nickel piece 鎳幣
plastic currency notes 塑料鈔票
convertible money 可兌換（黃金）紙幣
interest rate 利率
simple interest 單利
compound interest 復(fù)利
legal interest 法定利息
prime rate 優(yōu)待利率
payable interest 應(yīng)付利息
lending rate 貸款利率
usury 高利貸
the subsidy rate for value-preserved savings 保值儲(chǔ)蓄補(bǔ)貼率
account number 帳目編號(hào)
depositor 存戶
pay-in slip 存款單
a deposit form 存款單
a banding machine 自動(dòng)存取機(jī)
to deposit 存款
deposit receipt 存款收據(jù)
private deposits 私人存款
certificate of deposit 存單
deposit book, passbook 存折
credit card 信用卡
principal 本金
overdraft, overdraw 透支
to counter sign 雙簽
to endorse 背書
endorser 背書人
to cash 兌現(xiàn)
to honor a cheque 兌付
to dishonor a cheque 拒付
to suspend payment 止付
cheque,check 支票
cheque book 支票本
order cheque 記名支票
bearer cheque 不記名支票
crossed cheque 橫線支票
blank cheque 空白支票
rubber cheque 空頭支票
cheque stub, counterfoil 票根
cash cheque 現(xiàn)金支票
traveler's cheque 旅行支票
cheque for transfer 轉(zhuǎn)帳支票
outstanding cheque 未付支票
canceled cheque 已付支票
forged cheque 偽支票
Bandar's note 莊票，銀票
banker 銀行家
president 行長(zhǎng)
savings bank 儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
Chase Bank 大通銀行
National City Bank of New York 花旗銀行
Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 匯豐銀行
Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麥加利銀行
Banque de I'IndoChine 東方匯理銀行
central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央銀行
bank of issue, bank of circulation 發(fā)行幣銀行
commercial bank 商業(yè)銀行，儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行
member bank, credit bank 儲(chǔ)蓄信貸銀行
discount bank 貼現(xiàn)銀行
exchange bank 匯兌銀行
requesting bank 委托開證銀行
issuing bank, opening bank 開證銀行
advising bank, notifying bank 通知銀行
negotiation bank 議付銀行
confirming bank 保兌銀行
paying bank 付款銀行
associate banker of collection 代收銀行
consigned banker of collection 委托銀行
clearing bank 清算銀行
local bank 本地銀行
domestic bank 國(guó)內(nèi)銀行
overseas bank 國(guó)外銀行
unincorporated bank 錢莊
branch bank 銀行分行
trustee savings bank 信托儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
trust institution 銀行的信托部
credit department 銀行的信用部
neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道儲(chǔ)蓄所
credit union 合作銀行
credit bureau 商業(yè)興信所 
self-service bank 無(wú)人銀行
land bank 土地銀行
construction bank 建設(shè)銀行
industrial and commercial bank 工商銀行
bank of communications 交通銀行
mutual savings bank 互助儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
post office savings bank 郵局儲(chǔ)蓄銀行
mortgage bank, building society 抵押銀行
industrial bank 實(shí)業(yè)銀行
home loan bank 家宅貸款銀行
reserve bank 準(zhǔn)備銀行
chartered bank 特許銀行
corresponding bank 往來(lái)銀行
merchant bank, accepting bank 承兌銀行
investment bank 投資銀行
import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 進(jìn)出口銀行
joint venture bank 合資銀行
credit cooperatives 信用社
clearing house 票據(jù)交換所 。
Part 2 Open An Account 開設(shè)銀行賬戶
Dialogue Script 1 對(duì)話原文 1
Peter: Hi, Jenny. You look kind of worried. What's the matter?
Jenny: Oh, so good to see you! I just got my first scholarship payment.
Peter: That's great.
Jenny: Yes, but instead of cash, I got a check. I don't know what to do with it. I can't buy anything with a check, can I?
Peter: No, you can't. First, you need to deposit the check in a bank, then pay your bills by check and get some cash with your ATM card.
Jenny: But I don't have either check or an ATM card. It's so inconvenient!
Peter: It isn't. Everything is managed by a computer network. If you open an account in a local bank, you can deposit or get money from any ATM all over the city or the country; or even around the world, for that matter. We have three or four ATM machines right here on the campus. You can even get free software from the bank and pay your bills online. So it's actually very convenient.
Jenny: I really appreciate the information. I'll go to open an account right now.
Peter: Don't forget to take your social security card. You do have one, don't you?
Jenny: Yes, I do. As soon as I arrived in the States, a friend helped me apply for one from the social security office, but I never knew what it was for.
Peter: It's for identification. When you picked up your paycheck, didn't they ask for your social security number?
Jenny: Oh, yes, they did. But I couldn't remember the number so I had to fish around in my bag to find the card.
Peter: Well, I'd learn the number by heart if I were you. You'll need it pretty soon.
Jenny: OK, I see.
Peter: Good luck at the bank. See you later.
Jenny: Thanks for your help, bye.
講解：
1. 在這段對(duì)話中，Peter建議Jenny去銀行開一個(gè)賬戶，這樣用起錢來(lái)會(huì)比較方便。Peter見Jenny心事重重的，問她怎么回事，Jenny說(shuō)I just got my first scholarship payment. 我剛拿到我的第一筆獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。scholarship, 是指獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。領(lǐng)到了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，為什么還會(huì)心事重重呢？
2. 因?yàn)镴enny收到的是一張支票，而不是現(xiàn)金。支票是check, 現(xiàn)金是cash, 是一個(gè)統(tǒng)稱。其中還包括bills 或notes, 指鈔票，紙幣。coins指硬幣。例如：Excuse me, but I've no cash on me. Can I pay by check? 對(duì)不起，我身邊沒帶現(xiàn)錢，能不能用支票支付？cash這個(gè)詞不僅可以做名詞，還可以做動(dòng)詞，表示“兌換或兌現(xiàn)，把…換成現(xiàn)款”，例如：I'd like to cash this check. 我想兌現(xiàn)這張支票。就是把支票上的數(shù)目?jī)稉Q成現(xiàn)金。
3. 這樣的支票是不能用來(lái)直接買東西的，Jenny就不知道怎么辦了，I don't know what to do with it. What to do with something和 how to deal with something都表示“如何處理某事”，但是動(dòng)詞一個(gè)用的是do,一個(gè)用的是deal, 大家要注意區(qū)分了。
4. Peter 告訴Jenny說(shuō)要先把支票存在銀行里，然后用支票付賬或用自動(dòng)提款卡提取現(xiàn)金。deposit，儲(chǔ)蓄，存放。例如：She deposited her money in the bank. 她把錢存在銀行里。 那取款就是withdraw，例如：He withdrew $500 from his bank account yesterday. 他昨天從銀行賬戶里提了500美金。
5. ATM card, 自動(dòng)提款機(jī)卡，ATM 是自動(dòng)提款機(jī)，也就是automatic teller machine的開頭字母縮寫。teller, 就是在銀行窗口工作的營(yíng)業(yè)員。Jenny既沒有支票也沒有自動(dòng)提款機(jī)卡，因?yàn)樗X得這兩樣?xùn)|西都不是很方便。但是Peter卻不這樣認(rèn)為，因?yàn)橹灰?IMG alt="" src="http://pic.kekenet.com/Article/UploadFiles/200805/20080528221942254.gif" align=left>一個(gè)銀行開了戶，就可以在全市、全國(guó)甚至全世界的聯(lián)網(wǎng)支行里存取款。open an account, 就是開戶，close an account, 就是銷戶。
6. 甚至還可以從銀行那里得到免費(fèi)的軟件在網(wǎng)上付款。實(shí)際上真的是很方便。Peter還提醒Jenny開戶不要忘了帶社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)卡，social security card，在美國(guó)就相當(dāng)于身份證，經(jīng)常要用到。social security number, 社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)號(hào)碼，就像我們的身份證號(hào)碼，可能隨時(shí)要用到，所以應(yīng)該記住。但是Jenny總是記不住，每次用的時(shí)候都要在兜子里翻半天才能找到，在…翻東西，這里用的是fish around這個(gè)詞組。例如：He was fishing around his pocket for the keys. 他在兜里翻來(lái)翻去找鑰匙。
7. Peter勸Jenny一定要把社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)號(hào)碼牢牢記住，learn something by heart, 把…記在心里，牢牢記住。You'll need it pretty soon. 你馬上就要用到它。這里的pretty，不是一個(gè)形容詞，而是一個(gè)副詞，是“非?！钡囊馑?，跟so 差不多。。
Dialogue Script 2 對(duì)話原文 2
Teller: Can I help you?
Sam: Yes. I'd
like to open an account, please.
Teller: What sort of account did you have in mind?
Sam: I need a checking account to pay my bills. Can you tell me how it works?
Teller: Sure. You get a paycheck or a scholarship check made out to you, with the amount due to you, say $ 2,500. You sign your name on the back of the check, mark it "for deposit only"---so no one can cash the check if you lose it---and deposit in your account. You can do that either by mail, or here in the bank with a deposit slip during bank hours, or at any ATM machine twenty-four hours a day.
Sam: That sounds easy. Then what?
Teller: Then you send a check to your landlord for the rent, to the gas and electricity and phone and cable TV companies---whatever. Companies generally include return envelopes with their bills, so you put in your check, stamp the envelope, and drop it in the mail.
Sam: I'm with you so far.
Teller: Be sure to keep a record of your checks you write in this check register, then add up your checks and deduct the amount from our account balance. Make sure you have more money in your account than needed for the checks your write, in case there are any fees.
Sam: What happens if I make a mistake.
Teller: It's very expensive to bounce a check. You'll be charged by the bank and again by the person or company to whom you gave the bad check.
Sam: I see.
Teller: If you have access to a computer, you can pay most of your bills online instead of by mail with software we provide to you for free.
Sam: Is it very complicated?
Teller: Not at all. I'll show you later how it works. First fill out these forms, print your name and social security number here, and here, and sign your name here, and here, and we'll be all set.
