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LESSON 96 INVENTIONS AND DISCOVERIES
第九十六課 發明與發現
To comprehend more fully the force and bearing of public opinion, and to form a just estimate of the changes to which, aided by the press,
為了更全面地理解當眾發表意見需要具備的感染力和舉止風度，對時局的變化做出正確的估計，為此要借助于媒體，
it will probably lead, politically and socially, it will be necessary to consider it in connection with the causes that have given it an influence so great as to entitle it to be regarded as a new political element.
而媒體也許在政治和社會層面上加以引導，因此有必要考慮到媒體與對它產生很大影響的起因之間存在關聯，可以將其視為新的政治因素。
They will, upon investigation, be found in the many discoveries and inventions made in the last few centuries.
通過調查，我們在最近幾個世紀的許多發現和發明中可以看出端倪。
All these have led to important results.
所有這些發現和發明已經產生重要成果。
Through the invention of the mariner’s compass, the globe has been circumnavigated and explored;
通過航海，羅盤的發明，人們能夠環游地球，并進行探索。
and all who inhabit it, with but few exceptions, are brought within the sphere of an all-pervading commerce, which is daily diffusing over its surface the light and blessings of civilization.
而地球上的所有居民幾乎無一例外都被納入到一個無所不在的商業圈里，而每日在地球表面擴散的是光明和文明的賜福。
Through that of the art of printing, the fruits of observation and reflection, of discoveries and inventions, with all the accumulated stores of previously acquired knowledge, are preserved and widely diffused.
通過印刷術，觀察和思考以及發現和發明的成果，連同所有先前累積起來的知識，都得以保存下來并得到廣泛傳播。
The application of gunpowder to the art of war has forever settled the long conflict for ascendency between civilization and barbarism,
在戰爭中火藥的應用使文明和野蠻之間展開的爭奪優勢地位的長期沖突一勞永逸地得以解決。
in favor of the former, and thereby guaranteed that, whatever knowledge is now accumulated, or may hereafter be added, shall never again be lost.
文明得以昌盛，因此確保了現在任何知識都能得以積累，或許以后還會日益增加，這些文明成果絕對不會再次毀于一旦。
