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While his thick coat protects him from the cold, he is also provided with a broad, strong, and tough nose,
但是野牛皮很厚，足以避寒。此外，它還有一個寬大、強勁且堅硬的鼻子，
with which he can shovel away the snow, and lay bare the grass on which he feeds.
它可以用鼻子鏟雪，躺在草地上吃草。
Many tribes of Indians were indebted to the bison for their means of living.
許多印第安人部落都要對野牛心存感激，因為這是他們賴以生存的東西。
It afforded them not only food, but materials for their tents, clothing, and domestic utensils.
它們不僅從野牛身上獲取食物，還能得到搭帳篷、做衣服和部落內所用餐具的材料。
Indeed, so entirely were the tribes of the far West dependent on the bison, that if it had been exterminated, the Indians would have perished.
確實，西部偏遠部落完全依賴野牛生存，如果野牛滅絕了，那么印第安人可能也會消亡。
Its flesh was their chief food. It was prepared in a variety of ways.
野牛肉是主要的食物，有很多種做法。
When cut up into long strips, and dried in the sun, it kept for a long time.
將其切成長條，放在陽光下晾曬，就能保存很長時間。
It was also pounded with the fat of the animal and converted into pemmican—a very nourishing food.
還能與動物的脂肪一起搗碎，做成干肉餅，這是一種營養豐富的食物。
The prairie Indians made use of the hide for many purposes.
野牛皮對草原印第安人來說有很多用處。
They scraped off the hair and tanned it, when it served them for coverings for their tents, and for the bales into which the buffalo meat was packed.
他們剝下牛皮，曬干后能用來蓋帳篷，也可以在里面存放扎成一捆捆的牛肉。
