account

◆你怎么解釋事故的原因?

誤：How can you account the accident?

正：How can you account for the accident?

析：account 用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“認(rèn)為”，是及物動(dòng)詞；表示“解釋”、“說(shuō)明”等，是不及物動(dòng)詞，若需后接賓語(yǔ)，通常借助介詞 for。

◆他因病未能來(lái)。

誤：He couldn’t come on account for his illness.

正：He couldn’t come on account of his illness.

析：on account of(因?yàn)?，由?是固定短語(yǔ)。

◆你必須考慮這一事實(shí)。

誤：You must take the [an] account of the fact.

正：You must take account of the fact.

正：You must take the fact into account.

析：take account of sth 與 take sth into account同義，均表 示“考慮”、“對(duì)...加以考慮”，均為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，不要誤加冠詞。比較：take an account of(把...入帳，把...列表)

accuse

◆警方控告他偷盜。

誤：The police accused him for theft [stealing].

正：The police accused him of theft [stealing].

析：表示控告、指控、指責(zé)某人做某事，通常要用 accused sb of (doing) sth 這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)，注意不要將其中的介詞of 改為for，又如：He was accused of breaking the law.(他被指控違法)。

◆他被指控為同犯。

誤：He was accused for an accomplice.

正：He was accused as an accomplice.

析：表示指控某人是...，英語(yǔ)用 accuse sb as...。

◆被告獲判無(wú)罪。

誤：The accuser was acquitted.

正：The accused was [were] acquitted.

析：accuser 指“控告者”，即“原告”；accused 指“被告”。the accused 可指一個(gè)或一些被告，因此用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)根據(jù)情況可用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。(from www.yywords.com)

accustomed

◆我不習(xí)慣這么早就起床。

誤：I’m not accustomed at getting up so early.

正：I’m not accustomed to getting up so early.

析：表示習(xí)慣于做某事，通常用 be accustomed to，該結(jié)構(gòu)中的 to 通常被認(rèn)為是介詞，其后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞，但在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中，其后也可接動(dòng)詞原形(即其中的 to 被視為不定式符號(hào))。

ache

◆他胃痛。

誤：His stomach is ached.

正：His stomach is aching.

析：ache 用作動(dòng)詞，是不及物動(dòng)詞，因此沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

◆他經(jīng)常頭痛, 她經(jīng)常胃痛。

誤：He often gets headache and she often gets stomache.

正：He often gets headaches and she often gets stomaches.

析：ache 用作名詞多用于復(fù)合詞中：headache 頭痛 / toothache 牙痛 / stomachache 胃痛 / backache 背痛 / earache 耳痛 等，在這些帶有 -ache 的復(fù)合詞中, headache 是一個(gè)規(guī)則的可數(shù)名詞(可連用a, 也可有復(fù)數(shù)), 而其它的詞則用作可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名均可(在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中多為可數(shù)名詞)：He is suffering from toothache(s).(他患牙痛)。

achieve

◆他實(shí)現(xiàn)了他的目標(biāo)——寫(xiě)一本書(shū)。

誤：He reached his aim—to write a book.

正：He achieved his aim—to write a book.

析：表示“實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)”，通常用 achieve an aim, 不用 reach。

◆車速達(dá)到了每小時(shí)100英里。

誤：The car achieved a speed of 100 mph.

正：The car reached a speed of 100 mph.

析：achieve 一般與令人愉快的事(如:成功、成就等)連用, 不要受漢語(yǔ)影響濫用此詞表示一般意義的“達(dá)到”, 但是我們可以說(shuō): On the test drive he achieved the speed of 200 mph.(在 駕駛測(cè)試中他開(kāi)車的速度達(dá)到了每小時(shí)200英里-----因?yàn)樵隈{ 駛測(cè)試中, 車速也是測(cè)試的項(xiàng)目之一)。

acknowledge

◆他們承認(rèn)被打敗了。

誤：They acknowledged to be [to have been] defeated.

正：They acknowledged having been defeated.

正：They acknowledged that they were defeated.

析：acknowledge(承認(rèn))后可接動(dòng)名詞或 that從句，但一般不接不定式。

◆我承認(rèn)你說(shuō)的是真的。

誤：I acknowledge your statement for true.

正：I acknowledge your statement as true.

正：I acknowledge your staetment to be true.

正：I acknowledge that your statement is true.

析：acknowledge sth 后通?？山?as 或 to be，但不能將其改為介詞 for。