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Now listen to a part of lecture on the topic you just read about.
現(xiàn)在來聽一段有關(guān)你剛剛所閱讀到的話題的演講。
Now I want to tell you about what one company found when it decided that it would turn over some of its new projects to teams of people,
現(xiàn)在我想告訴你們關(guān)于一個公司會發(fā)現(xiàn)什么，在它決定了把一些新的項(xiàng)目移交給團(tuán)隊(duì)人員，
and make the team responsible for planning the projects and getting the work done.
并且讓這些團(tuán)隊(duì)來負(fù)責(zé)規(guī)劃這些項(xiàng)目并完成工作之后。
After about six months, the company took a look at how well the teams performed.
大約六個月后，這個公司來視察下這些團(tuán)隊(duì)表現(xiàn)得怎么樣。
On virtually every team, some members got almost a "free ride", they didn't contribute much at all,
幾乎每個團(tuán)隊(duì)里，一些人都是“坐享其成”，他們根本沒有貢獻(xiàn)多少。
but if their team did a good job, they nevertheless benefited from the recognition the team got.
但是如果他們的團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作做得好，他們?nèi)匀粫膱F(tuán)隊(duì)所得到的認(rèn)可中獲益。
And what about group members who worked especially well and who provided a lot of insight on problems and issues?
那么那些工作非常出色和那些對問題提供了很多深刻見解的人會怎么樣？
Well...the recognition for a job well done went to the group as a whole, no names were named.
好吧……對一份做得好的工作的認(rèn)可一整個給了團(tuán)隊(duì)，沒有人被提名。
So it won't surprise you to learn that when the real contributors were asked how they felt about the group process,
所以，當(dāng)真正的貢獻(xiàn)者被問到他們覺得團(tuán)隊(duì)過程怎么樣的時候，
their attitude was just the opposite of what the reading predicts.
他們的態(tài)度正與文章中預(yù)言的相反，了解到這一點(diǎn)時你也不會覺得驚訝。
Another finding was that some projects just didn't move very quickly. Why?
另一種結(jié)果就是，一些項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展得不快。為什么？
Because it took so long to reach consensus;
因?yàn)橐_(dá)到團(tuán)隊(duì)內(nèi)的一致花費(fèi)了太多的時間。
it took many, many meetings to build the agreement among group members about how they would move the project along.
需要開很多很多的會議才能在組員內(nèi)建立起一致觀點(diǎn)，關(guān)于他們要如何推動項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)展。
On the other hand, there were other instances where one or two people managed to become very influential over what their group did.
另一方面，有一些其他的情況，會有那么一兩個人試圖在他們團(tuán)隊(duì)所做的事情上變得有非常影響力。
Sometimes when those influencers said "That will never work" about an idea the group was developing,
有時，當(dāng)那些有影響力的人對團(tuán)隊(duì)正在形成的一種想法說，“這個不行”時，
the idea was quickly dropped instead of being further discussed.
這個想法將會很快被拋棄而不會被更深入地探討。
And then there was another occasion when a couple of influencers convinced the group that a plan of theirs was "highly creative."
也會有另外一種情況，當(dāng)一些有影響力的人說服了團(tuán)隊(duì)說他們的一個計劃“非常有創(chuàng)造性”的時候。
And even though some members tried to warn the rest of the group that the project was moving in directions that might not work,
即便有些成員會試圖提醒其他成員項(xiàng)目在沿著一個錯誤的方向進(jìn)行，
they were basically ignored by other group members.
他們基本上都被其他的成員所忽略。
Can you guess the ending to this story?
你能猜到故事的結(jié)局嗎？
When the project failed, the blame was placed on all the members of the group.
當(dāng)這個項(xiàng)目失敗的時候，責(zé)任會被放在這個組的全部成員頭上。
Summarize the points made in the lecture you just heard, explaning how they cast doubt on points made in the reading.
總結(jié)你剛剛聽到的演講中的觀點(diǎn)，解釋他們怎么樣對閱讀中提出的觀點(diǎn)提出懷疑。
