第八劍：換詞

此劍屬于極難修煉之式，需要配合高級心法，長期練習方能有所成就，時間緊就跳過吧。本劍基本只適合要求有些高的戰友。不過不管是誰，有這個意識肯定是好的，說不定考的時候靈感一來就妙口生花，博得rater的好感。這里首先要注意的是，rater期待的理想完美答案不是一定的，但是所有表達都對這 reading和listening材料照本宣科的回答肯定是不會受到rater青睞的。其實不需要你都換，只要在合適的位置小換一下，哪怕就一下，你的這一表現馬上就會讓rater耳朵一豎，眼睛一亮，在那些完全復述材料的考生中脫穎而出。rater會覺得你有這個能力有機處理輸入信息，而不是完全呀呀學語。你換4個或5個對考官來說沒有區別，但是你換1個和換0個卻有很大區別。

然后要明確哪些該換，哪些不能換。專有名詞絕對不能替換；多音節的那種大詞（名，形，動），像responsibility, spectacular, misrepresent...一般不要換；比較怪異的非日常生活用語以及被反復強調的也許很常用但是在題中有特殊涵義的詞不能換...這些應該都比較好把握。可以換的就是那些通俗常用的義項，表達多用副詞，介詞，小詞，熟詞的意義。舉個例子，There are more and more people in Shanghai可以換成the population is increasing；A is harmful to B可以換成A brings harm to, A endangers B, A poses a threat to B，B suffers much from A；A enables B to do sth可以換成A makes it possible for B to do sth，B is now able to do sth thanks to/ due to/ because of A......這些變化要能快速反映出來，并非一朝一夕，只有平時多積累才能略有小成。就是熟悉各種句式，語法結構功能，同義詞等等。這個過程其實是和寫作緊密聯系的。平時注意不要讓表達單調，有意識多換詞表達同一個意思，久而久之就能冰凍三尺了。仍然推薦朗文的那個詞典，它右下角有個 activator，表達同一個義項很管用。bt和emule都有下載的。另外，在換詞的過程中，注意不要盲目亂換，一定要確保感***彩不變，書面口語體不要混淆，語境要恰當吻合，別讓老美覺得我們迂腐不堪。下面我把我自己總結一些常用義項換詞貼出來，這些我考試的時候仍然都沒用上，換上的是臨時蹦出來的一個詞。說明，這個短期突破基本上很困難。以下詞具體用的時候請先參見辭典，別用的不恰當，否則還不如不換詞。

能，會，可以：can, (would) be able to, have the chance/opportunity to do.., get to do

應該：should, be supposed to, shall, have to, must, be required to, it is necessary for sb to..

上升，增加：(vi.)increase, go up, rise, (vt.) increase, raise (n.) growth, rise, increase.

下降，減少/小：(vt.) decrease, reduce, lower (vi.) decrease, fall, drop,go/come down, decline. (n.) fall, decrease, decline, drop

變：change, alter, become (different/big/small/..), get, grow

知道，了解，意識到：know, be aware/concious of, realize, get information about,

證實，表明：show, suggest, indicate, make it clear that

很大程度上，基本上：greatly, considerably, enormously, significantly, basically

提高，變好：improve, make better, enhance

采取(措施)：adopt, take

提出(政策)：propose, offer

廢除：eliminate, get rid of, do way with, dispense with

提供：provide, offer, give

任務：assignment, job, work, task

有用，幫助：beneficial, helpful, useful, be a great help to, do good to, bring benefit to, be good for

方法：way, approach, strategy, method

觀點：idea, belief, view, opinion

影響：affect(vt.), influence(vt.), have influence/effect/impact on

(被)允許：allow, permit, can, may, be free to do

恢復，復原：restore, recover, bring back

阻止：prevent, stop, keep (sth/sb from doing sth)

花費：spend, take, cost, put in, make effort

參加：join, take part in, participate in, engage in, get involved in, attend, be a part of

調整，調節：adjust, regulate, control

產生，創造：create, produce, make, generate, bring about, form

表現，顯現出：show, display, demonstrate, represent

確保：ensure, guarantee, assure (of), promise

最后：in the end, eventually, at last, finally

行為方式，做法：act, practice

建議：suggest, say should, advise, recommend

決定：decide, choose, make up one's mind

查明：find out, discover, figure out

導致，引起：cause, result in, lead to, bring about, contribute to

限制：limit, restrict, confine, put a limit on

正在做，努力：work on

延期相關：more time, extra time, extension, later deadline; put off, postpone, put back to, delay, (until)

因素：cause, factor, reason

合適：fit, suit, be suitable/fit/right

需要：require, need, it is necessary for..to..,demand

不變：fixed, constant, stable, unchanged (unchanging)

擔心：worry about, be concerned about, care about

解決：solve/resolve, address, deal with, work out, tackle

解釋：tell, explain, spell out, say how..

關于筆記和換詞練習的材料，選YeeaooBox、DELTA和OG就夠了，DELTA的聽力速度較快，一直說到自己比較滿意為止。3.4.5.6題一定要多練習，做過的題目過幾天仍然可以再回頭做做，可能每次表達都不一樣呢。你可能會發現，同一道題目你隔段時間再說，又會有新的體會，尤其DELTA，很多都是三點要點，有點難，習慣了再做真題應該不會吃虧的。還是那句話，筆記一定要重視練習，但是換詞可以不用過多糾纏。