1.文不對題?
很多同學在答題時,一看到自己熟悉的題目就文思泉涌,滔滔不絕了。比如一道題目讓描述你出行不選擇火車的原因,同學給出了很好的原因,因為坐火車太慢,太無聊。好,后面的supporting reasons怎么說呢?好,先從上火車說起:
it is so boring to take the train. For example, when I went out traveling last year, I took the train. I had to get up early to catch up the train in the station. Long lines of people crowded by the train door and even more were pouring into the platform. I was unfortunately one of them. After spending over 10 minutes on the platform, finally I squeezed in the train and moved to my seat with a speed of the snail.
好,單純的來看這段文字,是可以用作不選火車的原因,因為過程很麻煩;也可以用來做擠火車很辛苦的細節描寫;更可以用來說明乘坐火車的不便之處。用作以上任何一個都是很豐富的理由支撐,但是用來形容乘火車很boring,這顯然是不符的,這樣的回答明顯在邏輯上是得不到分的。
我們再來看下文的這段描寫,topic sentence和細節描寫很合理地銜接在了一起。
The train trip is full of pains. Just like my last experience, after boarding, the train compartments soon get cramped and stuffy. It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey. Reading is only a partial solution, for the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails soon lulls you to sleep. During the day, sleep comes in snatches. At night, when you really wish to go to sleep, you rarely manage to do so. If you are lucky enough to get a sleeper, you spend half the night staring at the small blue light in the ceiling or fumbling to find your ticket for inspection. Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.
這段文字首先點明了乘火車是很痛苦的,接著以細節描寫來支持自己的觀點。從車廂變得擁擠,到不斷困擾的火車車輪噪音,不僅影響了白天的休息,更對夜晚的睡眠是一大挑戰,從而說明了乘坐火車是非常辛苦的一件事。
2. 如何尋找可說材料?
我們解決了這個文不對題的問題,下面開始著手于說的內容了。說什么?既然文不對題的有的可說,那么對題的就不會很難去說了。你所做的就是去掉枝葉和你認為很必要的鋪墊,留下精華的東西就可以了。像上文中所展示的完全可以用來作為不選擇火車出行的原因,而不是乘火車太枯燥。那么如上面這個題目,我們同樣可以這樣像例子中這樣的描寫,也可以專注于一個細節,如因為長時間的聽車輪的噪音,以及車廂內來來往往的乘客使得自己很難專注于做一件事,比如說讀書;It is really hard to concentrate on one thing while I am on the train. The monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails, the forever coming and going people and also the shouts along with the sales cart will always distract my attention from the book.
或者要在車上過夜,自己在有噪音的環境中很難睡著,但是又無事可做,最后到達目的地時已經使得自己身心俱疲:You can't imagine how difficult to fall asleep in the train. Being a light sleeper, the monotonous rhythm of the wheels clicking on the rails, the nonstop patterns of other traveler's footsteps, even the sounds of snores, teeth grinding of my neighbors can all wake me out suddenly. To fall asleep in the train for me is a torture, I would rather prefer staying up the whole night instead.
看,例子就在我們身邊,相信大家也都經歷過。稍加修飾這些都可以用來作為細節描寫的范例。
3. 時常練口語
大家平時要有練習口語的覺悟和自覺,解決了上面兩個問題,下面的就是要讓自己的嘴動起來了。分類別練習,比如人物類,地點類,事件類,等等,自己每天練習一個類型,或者每兩天練習一個類型。如果復習托福的話,一開始練習時不要掐時間,但練習的稍微熟練以后一定要掐時間。拿人物類來舉例子,有一個題就是你最崇拜誰,你就開始說吧,那人是誰,為什么崇拜,舉個小例子,基本四十多秒就過去了。然后你可以自己給自己造題,關于人物類,可以有你最崇拜誰,最喜歡誰,最想念誰,最討厭誰,最尊敬誰,等等等等,自己舉例子,不是為了押題,是為了練口語!然后依次類推,人物、地點、事件等等都用這個方法練習。練習的時候,你每次說到同一道題的時候,也許自己的答案都會和上次有所不同,沒有關系的,在考試之前的任何練習都是有價值的,你會通過不斷的練習將自己的答案變得越來越簡潔、越來越經典,然后找到一個你自己最喜歡的答案,固定下來就行了。
分享了一下關于大家在做獨立口語題目時常遇到的各種問題,希望對同學們的學習有所幫助!