二、對事件發(fā)展程序理解的考察

　　這類排除題，也可以叫做------從句中選。即考題所提供的答案均為相對比較完整的句子，那么其中有三句話，一定是表達了整個事件發(fā)展比較關鍵的幾個步驟，只有一句話與此步驟相悖。這類排除題通常比較耗費時間，考生需要準確判斷其事件發(fā)展步驟，甚至要通讀全段，才能找出正確選項。這里，我給大家提供一種在很大程度上節(jié)省時間的方法------點對點尋找。

　　請看下面的例子：

　　The sauce that is today called ketchup (orcatsup) in western cultures is a tomato-based sauce that is quite distinct fromthe eastern ancestors of this product. A sauce called ke-tiap was in use inChina at least as early as the seventeenth century but the Chinese version ofsauce was made of pickled fish, shellfish, and spices. The popularity of thisChinese sauce spread to Singapore and Malaysia where it was called kechap. The Indonesiasauce ketjab drives its name from the same sauce as Malaysian sauce but is madefrom very different ingredients. The Indonesian ketjab is made by cooking blacksoy beans, fermenting them, placing them in salt brine for at least a week,cooking the resulting solution further, and sweetening it heavily; this processresults in a dark, thick, and sweet variation of soy sauce.

　　It is NOT stated in paragraph 1 that

　　A. the Chinese sauce was inexistence in 17th century

　　B. the Malaysian sauce was similarto the Chinese sauce

　　C. the Chinese sauce was made fromseafood and spices

　　D. the Indonesian sauce wassimilar to the Chinese sauce

　　對于這道題，題干中沒有任何指示性的詞匯，我們無法判斷是從事件的哪個階段入手，那么就只能每個答案逐一排除。仔細閱讀A選項，然后發(fā)現A選項中有17th century， 故可以將其作為關鍵線索，去文中尋找，……called ke-tiap was in use in China at least as early as theseventeenth century…… 文中的這句話表明A不能作為正確答案。那么繼續(xù)看B， B選項中同時提到Malaysian 與Chinese. 則可以到文中去尋找兩個國籍名詞同時出現的句子，通過判斷，…… this Chinese sauce spread to Singapore and Malaysia where it wascalled kechap. 這句話表明，B也不能作為正確答案。繼續(xù)看C，C 選項當中有Chinese, 還有seafood andspices，于是鎖定文中句子……the Chineseversion of sauce was made of pickled fish, shellfish, and spices……, 故C也不是正確選項。至此，我們可以直接選擇D作為排除選項。
百度推廣.
　　三、對文章或段落主題抓取能力的考察

　　答題時注意看每個選項，尤其是當選項中出現了在該段落中沒有的詞句時，就可以考慮可能會有某個選項跟本段甚至整片文章的主題是相悖的。

　　請看下面例題：

　　Decades before this disaster,environmentalist had predicted just such an enormous oil spill in this areabecause of the treacherous nature of the waters due to the submerged reefs,icebergs, and violent storms there. They had urged that oil be transported tothe continental United States by land-based pipeline rather than by oil tankeror by undersea pipeline to reduce the potential damage to the environment posedby the threat of an oil spill.

　　Which point is NOT made by theenvironmentalist mentioned in paragraph 2?

　　A. That a huge oil spill in thewaters off Alaska was possible.

　　B. That the waters off the coastof Alaska were dangerous for ships.

　　C. That oil tanker should not beused to transport oil from Alaska.

　　D. That an undersea pipeline waspreferable to a land-based pipeline.

　　這道題題干中提到的environmentalist是整個該段的主語，故不能作為關鍵信息詞。而發(fā)現A. C.中的Alaska，都在段落中沒有提到。所以可以考慮某個答案與主題相悖。這類題目，也可以多關注段落中是否有表示轉折的詞匯，例如but, instead of, however, rather than. 所以，稍加閱讀后，發(fā)現……land-based pipeline rather than by oil tanker or by underseapipeline…… 這句話當中出現rather than, 鎖定D選項中同樣的話語，剛好與原文觀點相反，所以選擇D.

　　托福閱讀排除題雖然內容不一樣，但是萬變不離其宗，基本上就有以上這三種考察方向，考生可以針對性復習，以攻克托福閱讀排除題。