156. In the case of man, the difficulties with the environment concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer(持有者) of culture.

156、對(duì)于人類(lèi)來(lái)說(shuō)，環(huán)境概念的問(wèn)題更加復(fù)雜。因?yàn)槲覀儾坏貌话讶祟?lèi)當(dāng)為動(dòng)物，又不得不把人當(dāng)為文化的持有者來(lái)對(duì)待。

157. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants, and such like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as "cultural", which modify the physical and biological factors.

157、如果我們將人類(lèi)看作動(dòng)物來(lái)嘗試解釋作用在有機(jī)物上的環(huán)境影響力的話(huà)，我們不得不處理像氣候，土壤，植物和一些對(duì)于所有生物環(huán)境來(lái)說(shuō)共同的因素，但我們也發(fā)現(xiàn)，“文化”的影響也非常重大，它可以改變物理和生物因素。

158. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment.

158、所以我們很容易在對(duì)待文化的問(wèn)題上陷入困境，有時(shí)候，我們將其看作人類(lèi)的一部分，有時(shí)候，又作為環(huán)境的一部分。

159. Unaware that their own ability has developed through the years, they assume the new generation of young people must be hopeless in this respect.

159、因?yàn)椴涣私膺@些你那里他們的能力已經(jīng)進(jìn)步了，他們認(rèn)為在這個(gè)方面新一代的年輕人肯定沒(méi)有希望了。

160 Since this concern about the decline and fall of the English language is not perceived as a generation phenomenon but rather as something new and peculiar to today's young people, it natrually follows that today's English teachers cannot be doing their jobs.

160、既然這種關(guān)于英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的衰退的擔(dān)憂(yōu)并不被看作一個(gè)一代人的現(xiàn)象，而是特指對(duì)于今天的年輕人的一種新現(xiàn)象，所以可以很自然地認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在的英語(yǔ)老師工作做得不好。