M: Some people found it to be lively and fresh tasting; they said it had a good balance. It seemed to be a very pleasing water, compared to the ones that were high in chlorine, that tasted like jumping in the swimming pool with your mouth open.

W: You train the judges in these contests. Tell the main thing that a water taster needs to know.

M: Primarily what they do is, they want to look for, as you said, the absence of things. You don’t want to see color in your water, to begin with, or anything floating in your water. Then they’ll do an aroma check. They’ll take three short sniffs, at the top of the glass of the water sample, and they’re looking for any kind of aromas.(Question 14) Of course, some that are usually common are chlorine, which is from the chemicals used in water treatment…sometimes you can smell iron or sulfur that can come into water. Again, if you have anything, if you detect anything, then those would be off-marks, and then they go into the taste evaluation process.

W: Is good drinking water also good water to take baths in? And another question—and this one is dear to my editor’s heart—is it good for boiling pasta in?

M: Water does have a big impact in things like baking, and, sure, boiling pasta…(Question 15) anything could influence the quality of your end product. Certainly tea is another example. One lady who lives here in Santa Barbara part-time, once said that her Santa Barbara tap water turns her Chinese tea into mud.

W: Wow. If you have some water in front of you, take a sip and describe it to us, will you?

M: The taste, unfortunately, is not what you’d hope for in a glass of water. I’m getting a mustiness, a swampiness, coming through right away.
 
Question 11. Who is the man being interviewed in the program?

Question 12: Who was the winner in the municipal tap water competition this year?

Question 13: What’s the criterion for testing the tap water mentioned in the interview?

Question 14: What is the sequence of tasting the tap water in the competition?

Question 15: According to the interviewee, water does have an impact on several things, which of the following is not one of the things he mentions?

本文主要介紹了美國(guó)Virginia西部31個(gè)城市自來(lái)水水質(zhì)測(cè)試評(píng)比。公布了獲獎(jiǎng)城市，介紹了測(cè)試的評(píng)比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、流程等。話(huà)題較生僻。

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.
Just how music enhances mathematical skills is unknown. It may be by the more general effect of increasing self-esteem, or maybe something neurological happens in the brain, or maybe, psychologist Andrea Halpen from Bucknell University suggests, these children are learning how to learn.

Most schools offer music and art classes to give students a well-rounded education. New research indicates those classes may do more for students than just give them an appreciation of arts. (Question 16)According to a study in tomorrow’s issue of the journal Nature, studying music and art can significantly advance a child’s reading skills and especially boost math proficiency. A class of six-year-olds getting a special music lesson, part of a special arts program that researcher Martin Gardiner and his colleagues at the music school in Rhode Island designed for several elementary schools in the state.

They started out wanting to see the impact of arts training in some first- and second-grade kids. (Question 17) So, some classrooms had an extra hour of this special arts curriculum incorporated into their normal school week, and other classrooms getting the standard curriculum in the arts, which was pretty standard for Rhode Island and rather representative of the country as a whole. The standard curriculum, say the researchers, gave students music lessons twice a month (Question 18) and art lessons twice a month. The typical music lesson tended to be somewhat passive. Students listened to tapes and concerts and talked about music in class. In contrast, the special arts classes met twice weekly and got students actively involved as a way to teach them the basic building blocks.

The kinds of skill that they are learning in these grades are….in music, they’re learning to sing together properly, sing together songs; and, in the visual arts, they’re learning to draw shapes and deal with colors and forms, and so forth.

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