解答SAT填空題的方法很多,但是歸結起來只有兩類,就是詞匯和邏輯關系兩個角度。下面小編就為大家整理了從詞匯方面中的前后綴解答SAT填空題的方法,希望能對大家的做題有所幫助和借鑒。
看看下面這道題
The _________ swim instructor kept repeating the same lesson.
A) dilatory
B) pernicious
C) superficial
D) irksome
E) boorish
請問童鞋們知道這道題的5個選項中的幾個單詞?是滴,就算對美國人,這也是一道在詞匯上比較難的題。值得注意的是,這道題選項中的單詞都是一些basic words加上前綴或者后綴變成的新的單詞。所以如果我們能夠掌握一些常見的前綴或者后綴的話,我們做題的時候就可以根據聯系推測出一些詞語的意思了。
"...ish"作為后綴通常是"...like"(像...)的意思。例如E選項中的boorish意思是"Boor-like",Boor是農民,粗魯的人,那么boorish自然就是魯莽頑固的意思了。
類似的,"super-"作為前綴通常是"very..."(很...);"ficial"作為前綴通常指的東西事物的表面,所以這道題中C選項是明顯錯誤的答案。
再來看看選項D的irksome, 是由前綴"irk-"(去激怒,去擾動/to bother)和后綴"-some"(有...的傾向/tending to)組成的,所以意思基本上等于"bothersome."
由于游泳教練總是不停地重復同樣的課,你可以稱他"bothersome"(好煩啊,羅嗦),所以irksome作為近義詞是這道題正確的選項。
常見的前綴后綴:
SAT中常見的前綴
pre - before (hence pre-fix is a word that comes before)
super - very or over (super-impose means to impose over)
dis - not (dismembered means not membered or not together)
uni - one (unicameral means one house)
a - not (atypical means not typical)
ex - out (exhale means breathe out)
in - in (inhale means breathe in)
neo - new (neoconservative means new conservative)
post - after (postmodernism means after modernism)
circum - around (circumvent the world means travel around the world)
+ ben - good (benevolent, beneficial, benefactor, etc. all carry positive charge)
- mal - bad (malevolent, malnutrition, malice)
re - again (to review is to view again)
gen - birth (genealogy is study of family history)
chron - time (chronology is study of time sequence)
poly - many (polyunsaturated means many not saturated)
intra - within (intraspecies means within one species)
inter - between (interspecies means between different species)
ante - before (antebellum means before a war)
- hypo - too little (hypothermia means too low of body temperature)
- hyper - too much (hyperactive means too active)
SAT中常見的后綴
- ble: able or capable (doable, corruptible, edible)
- ous: full of (porous means full of pores, or in other words, easily transpired through)
- ant: full of (elegant means full of elegance)
- ose: full of (grandiose means full of grandeur, grand-ness)
- fy: to make like the prefix (magnify means make larger, terrify means to make scared)
- ate: to make like the prefix (procrastinate means to make a longer time)
- ile: tending to (puerile means tending to childish-ness)
- ism: belief (racism, sexism, nationalism, etc.)
- tude: condition of (magnitude means the quantity of magnification)
在掌握了單詞中常見的前綴和后綴以后,我們就可以在SAT的閱讀部分做得much better!! 來試試下面這道題吧~
His ___________ skill at playing football was why we put up with his ___________ attitude.
A. worthy ... positive
B. lacking ... conceited
C. considerable ... malicious
D. dominating ... benign
E. docile ... contemptuous
首先,我們考慮一下這個句子的語氣。從"put up with"(忍受,容忍)可以看出來他的attitude是不好的,因為人們不需要去"put up with"一個好的態度。
其次,his ( ) skill was WHY they put up with his bad attitude. 所以他的skill 一定是好的,要不是人們也沒有必要put up with his bad attitude. 因此,不難得知,第一個空格需要的是一個positive word,而第二個空格需要的是一個negative word.
在確定了單詞的正負極以后,我們可以排除A和B選項,因為A選項中兩個單詞都是positive的,而B選項中兩個單詞都是negative的。
C)現在我們再來看看該怎么結合前綴來選擇單詞。mal-作為前綴意思是bad. malicious因此是bad-natured的意思。所以選項C中的第一個單詞是positive的,第二個單詞是negative的,可以作為后備正確選項。
D) dominating 在這句話中是有一個positive的意思的,指有lots of skilli,但是第二個單詞"benign" 有前綴ben-, 有好的意思,因此不符合第二個單詞需要時negative word的條加盟,所以D選項可以被排除。
E)docile在這里的意思是tending to sleep or dormant (有睡覺的趨勢),所以不是我們需要的 positive first word.
最后的最后,正確的選項浮出水面應該是C.
從上面的兩道SAT填空題分析內容來看,掌握前后綴的詳細含義是大家使用這個方法的關鍵與核心。大家在解答相關類型的SAT填空題的時候,可以提前記憶一些常見的前后綴,然后應用到題目的解答過程中去。