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Adult ADHD may take a toll on the brain
年輕人確診多動癥？網(wǎng)友：自從確診，整個(gè)人生都得到了解釋……
Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often misunderstood, and people who struggle with it are often viewed as quirky, disorganized, creative or forgetful.
人們常常誤解“注意缺陷多動障礙”（多動癥），該病病患則被認(rèn)為是古怪，無邏輯，發(fā)散性強(qiáng)以及健忘。
Many people go a lifetime without receiving a diagnosis or treatment.
很多患者終其一生也未確診或治療過。
Untreated ADHD is a risk factor for a number of challenges, including unsafe driving, substance abuse and a higher risk of early death, according to a growing body of research.
越來越多的研究表明，未經(jīng)治療的多動癥是許多問題的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素，包括不安全駕駛、藥物濫用和更高的早死風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
Symptoms and behaviors associated with ADHD include: trouble focusing on tasks or becoming so focused on an activity that you lose track of time; difficulty paying attention and being easily distracted; moving from one activity or task to another without completing them; impulsive behaviors that may result in negative consequences; regularly forgetting items or appointments; low motivation to begin tasks, especially ones that don’t interest you.
與多動癥相關(guān)的癥狀和行為包括：無法集中精力完成任務(wù)或過于專注于一項(xiàng)活動而忘記時(shí)間；注意力難以集中或容易分心；某個(gè)活動或任務(wù)沒有完成就轉(zhuǎn)移到新的活動或任務(wù)；做出可能導(dǎo)致負(fù)面結(jié)果的沖動行為；經(jīng)常忘記項(xiàng)目或約定；開始工作的動力不足，尤其是那些不感興趣的任務(wù)。
Some of these symptoms can look like an unwillingness to engage in a task or activity.
其中一些癥狀看起來像是不愿意參與一項(xiàng)任務(wù)或活動。
This is most likely why some people associate ADHD with laziness.
這很可能就是為什么有些人把多動癥和懶惰聯(lián)系在一起。
For women, ADHD is often underdiagnosed.
對于女性來說，經(jīng)常很難診斷出注意力缺陷多動障礙。
This may be partly due to the misconception that ADHD only affects school-aged boys.
部分原因可能是人們誤以為多動癥只影響學(xué)齡男孩。
But symptoms of ADHD in women can look different from men, leading to confusion in the diagnostic process.
但女性多動癥的癥狀可能與男性不同，這導(dǎo)致了診斷過程中的混亂。
Research shows that the ADHD brain differs from a non-ADHD brain, and these differences impact how they function daily, causing laziness-like symptoms.
研究表明，多動癥患者的大腦與非多動癥患者的大腦不同，這些差異會影響他們的日常功能，導(dǎo)致類似懶惰的癥狀。
For example, the prefrontal cortex is often smaller in those with ADHD, which controls executive functioning, like rational decision-making and attention span.
例如，多動癥患者的前額葉皮層通常較小，后者控制著理性決策和注意力持續(xù)時(shí)間等執(zhí)行功能。
The limbic system controls emotional regulation, and those with ADHD can struggle with mood swings.
大腦邊緣系統(tǒng)控制著情緒調(diào)節(jié)，那些患有多動癥的人可能會與情緒波動作斗爭。
People with ADHD have symptoms of inattentiveness, but they often also have a capacity to hyperfocus on a narrow area that is of particular interest to them.
患有多動癥的人有注意力不集中的癥狀，但他們通常也有能力專注于他們特別感興趣的一個(gè)狹窄的領(lǐng)域。
Clearly, ADHD is not a guarantee of genius, but the focused work rate that it produces may enable creative genius ADHD and creative genius to flourish.
顯然，無法保證患多動癥的病人都是天才，但它所產(chǎn)生的專注的工作速度可能會使多動癥和創(chuàng)造性天才蓬勃發(fā)展。
本文轉(zhuǎn)載自中國日報(bào)網(wǎng)，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系我們刪除。
