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Fitness earlier in life reduces cancer risk when older, study shows
年輕時心肺健康能降低老年患癌風險
Being fit earlier in life is associated with a reduced risk, in some cases of up to 42%, of developing nine different types of cancer in later life, according to a large long-term study.
一項大型長期研究顯示，年輕時身強體健可以降低年老時患上9種不同癌癥的風險，某些情況下甚至能將風險降低42%之多。
The new study, published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, drew from data from more than 1 million male Swedish conscripts between 16 and 25, who were followed for an average of 33 years from 1968 to 2005. The results suggested that good cardiorespiratory fitness – an individual’s ability to engage in sustained aerobic exercises such as running, cycling, and swimming – was associated with a 42% reduced risk of lung cancer, a 40% reduced risk of liver cancer and a 39% reduced risk of oesophageal cancer.
這項發表在《英國運動醫學》雜志上的新研究查看了超100萬名16歲至25歲瑞典男性士兵的數據，從1968年到2005年這些人被跟蹤調查平均長達33年。結果表明，心肺健康的人患肺癌、肝癌和食管癌的風險分別降低42%、40%和39%。心肺健康意味著能夠從事跑步、騎車、游泳等持續的有氧運動。
It was also associated with a lower risk of head and neck, stomach, pancreatic bowel and kidney cancer.
年輕時心肺健康的人，頭部和頸部、胃部、胰腺、腸道和腎發生癌癥的風險也更低。
Reducing cancer risk is not the only reason to exercise. There are compound benefits across emotional health and preventing cardiovascular disease. The lead researcher, Dr Aron Onerup, said “some physical activity is better than none, that more physical activity is better for optimal health outcomes”, and emphasised that it is never too late to get fit to reap health protective benefits.
降低癌癥風險并不是鍛煉的唯一理由。鍛煉能夠提升整體的情感健康水平，預防心血管疾病。該研究的首席研究員阿倫·奧內洛普博士表示，“有鍛煉比沒有強，鍛煉得越多，身體就越健康”，他還強調，為了健康而鍛煉永遠不會太晚。
As for how much exercise, Dr Claire Knight, senior health information manager at Cancer Research UK, recommended 150 minutes of exercise a week, but said: “You don’t need to run a marathon or join a gym – anything that gets you warmer, slightly out of breath, and your heart beating faster counts.
那么需要多大的運動量才能有效果？英國癌癥研究院的高級健康信息主管克萊爾·奈特博士建議每周鍛煉150分鐘，但是他指出：“你不需要跑馬拉松或去健身館，只要能讓你熱起來、稍微有點氣喘、心臟加速的活動都可以。”
"It doesn’t matter if you go for a brisk walk, a cycle with a friend, or even get the housework done, these could all count as ways to be active.”
“無論是快步走，還是和朋友一起騎車，甚至是做家務，這些都是鍛煉。”
英文來源：衛報
翻譯&編輯：丹妮
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