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Do sugary drinks cause obesity? The US New York State Supreme Court’s Justice Milton Tingling isn’t convinced. Last month he dismissed New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg’s proposed ban on oversized soda drinks.
含糖飲料是肥胖的元兇嗎？美國紐約州最高法院法官米爾頓•廷林并不相信這一說法。上個月他駁回了紐約市長邁克爾•布隆伯格關于禁售大瓶含糖飲料的提案。
While we know that sugary drinks are loaded with calories, which are believed to cause weight gain, many questions remain. For example, is diet soda any better? Does the carbon dioxide in fizzy drinks damage our bones? Here are the facts behind some claims made about sugary drinks and how they affect our health.
雖然我們都知道含糖飲料熱量很高，被認為是導致體重上升的罪魁禍首，但仍有很多疑問。比如，無糖飲料是否稍好一些？汽水中的二氧化碳會損害骨骼嗎？下面我們來揭開一些有關含糖飲料的說法背后的真相，一起來看看這些飲料是如何影響到人體健康的。
The claim: Diet soda is better for you than regular soda.
誤區一：無糖汽水比一般汽水更健康。
The reality: “Diet soda is no panacea”, Lisa R. Young, a professor of nutrition at New York University, told The Huffington Post.
事實：“無糖飲料不是萬靈藥?！奔~約大學營養學教授麗薩•R•楊在接受《赫芬頓郵報》采訪時說。
Sugar-free doesn’t mean healthy. In fact, the “false sweetness” of diet soda can be quite problematic, according to Young. The theory is that the brain mistakenly thinks the sweetness in the drink means calories are entering the body, triggering metabolic processes that can lead to weight gain.
無糖不等于健康。楊教授表示，事實上，無糖汽水的“甜味替代素”會帶來更大的問題。理論上來講，大腦會將飲料的甜味誤認為是身體正在攝入熱量，從而啟動新陳代謝，最終導致體重飆升。
These studies don’t necessarily prove drinking diet soda regularly causes health problems, Young cautions, but there’s certainly nothing nutritious about it.
楊教授告誡人們，盡管這些研究并不能完全證明無糖飲料會導致健康問題，但可以肯定的是它沒任何營養可言。
The claim: Clear soda is healthier than dark soda.
誤區二：無色汽水比深色汽水健康。
The reality: While the caramel coloring responsible for that dark hue can discolor your teeth, Young said, the big difference between clear and dark sodas is typically caffeine. Think Coca Cola versus Sprite.
事實：楊教授說，深色汽水中的焦糖色素會使牙齒顏色變深，無色汽水與深色汽水最典型的區別就是咖啡因。就拿可口可樂和雪碧打比方吧！
Since the average can of soda contains less caffeine than a cup of coffee, most soda drinkers probably don’t have to choose Coca Cola over Sprite. But if you are nearing the caffeine tipping point, it might be a rule worth considering.
由于一罐普通汽水中咖啡因的含量比一杯咖啡要低，大多數喝汽水的人大可不必為選可樂還是雪碧而發愁。但如果你體內的咖啡因含量已接近臨界值，可能就要好好考慮清楚了。
The claim: Carbonated drinks weaken the bones.
誤區三：碳酸飲料損害骨骼。
The reality: Research has zeroed in on the link between soda and bone density. A 2006 study found that women who drank three or more cans of Coca Cola a week had a significantly lower bone density. Researchers believe that the reason is phosphoric acid–found more often in dark sodas–which acidifies the blood, The Daily Beast reported. The body then “leaches some calcium out of your bones to neutralize the acid”, study author Katherine Tucker told the website.
事實：科學家們花大力氣來研究汽水與骨密度之間的聯系。一項2006年的研究表明，每周喝三罐以上可樂的女性骨密度明顯較低?！睹咳找矮F》網站有報道稱，研究人員認為這是由于深色汽水中較為常見的磷酸成分使得血液酸化。該研究報告的作者凱瑟琳•塔克爾在接受采訪時表示，人體骨骼將流失一部分鈣質以中和這些酸性物質。
Others have suggested that it’s simply the carbonation that hurts bones, but the effect from a single soda is negligible, Popular Science reported.
《科技新時代》報道稱，盡管一些人認為碳酸化作用會傷害到骨骼，但僅僅一瓶汽水的作用是微不足道的。
The claim: If you need a caffeine boost, choose an energy drink over coffee.
誤區四：如果你需要咖啡因來提神，喝能量飲料而不是咖啡。
The reality: The truth is that soft drinks marketed for energy, such as Red Bull, contain less caffeine than a cup of coffee, but considerably more sugar.
事實：實際上，與一杯咖啡相比較，像紅牛這樣以補充能量為賣點的軟飲料含有的咖啡因要少得多，但是糖分卻高得多。
Energy drinks may be easier to drink, but that doesn’t change the fact that brewed coffee contains between 95 and 200 milligrams of caffeine per eight ounces (227 g), while Red Bull has about 80 mg for the same amount, according to US medical research group Mayo Clinic.
美國醫學研究組織梅奧醫學中心表示：盡管能量飲料更便于飲用，但這并不能改變每八盎司（227克）現煮咖啡中含有95—200毫克的咖啡因而紅牛只有80毫克這一事實。
The claim: A trip to the gym warrants a sports drink
誤區五：去健身房就該喝運動飲料。
The reality: You’re apt to think you’ll need a sports drink anytime you break a sweat. But the truth is that your electrolyte and glycogen reserves aren’t depleted until more than an hour of intensive training. So that 45-minute session on the treadmill? It’s probably not going to require much more than some water.
事實：你覺得只要出汗就該補充點運動飲料。但實際上，只有高強度訓練一小時以上，人體才會分解電解質和糖原儲備。如果在跑步機上跑上45分鐘呢？大概你需要的就是喝點水而已。
