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adj. 法律的，合法的，法定的
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The law, amazingly, actually encourages this crazy move. While employers' 401(k) plans are subject to punitive regulations, lest they allow you to take on too much 'risk, ' employers are allowed to offer their own stock among the investment options. Many do.
令人驚訝的是，美國的法律實際上在鼓勵這種瘋狂的舉動。雖然企業的401(k)計劃受到監管部門監管，若企業讓員工承擔過高“風險”，則會受到懲罰，但是監管規定允許企業向員工提供企業自己的股票作為投資選擇之一。而實際上許多企業也在這么做。
The Employee Benefit Research Institute says that the percentage of 401(k) assets held in employers' stock has been halved since 2000, but the numbers are still alarming. Furthermore, it's the youngest workers─those best able to take a gamble─who are shunning their employers' company stock.
員工福利研究所(Employee Benefit Research Institute)表示，自2000年以來，401(k)資產中雇主股票的占比已經減少了一半，不過目前的數字依然很驚人。而且，如今不愿意持有自己公司股票的員工是那些最年輕的人，而這些人其實是承擔風險能力最高的人。
At companies where the 401(k) plan offers the option, workers aged 40 or over typically hold about 20% of their entire 401(k) account in the company's stock, according to EBRI data. Crazy.
根據員工福利研究所的數據，在那些于401(k)計劃中提供了持有本公司股票這一投資選擇的公司中，年齡在40歲或者以上的員工通常會將自己的401(k)賬戶中大約20%的資產用于投資本公司股票。這簡直是瘋了。
4. Taking Social Security too early
4. 過早支取社保金
If you can afford to delay taking your Social Security retirement benefit, do.
如果你有能力晚點支取自己的社保養老金，那么就晚點吧。
Someone earning $50, 000 a year who starts claiming Social Security as soon as he or she is able, age 62, will typically collect a monthly check of about $1, 000, according to the Social Security Administration. If they wait until they are 70, that amount would double.
根據美國社會安全局(Social Security Administration)的數據，年薪五萬美元的員工若在自己年滿62歲這一支取社保金的規定年齡后即開始使用社保，則通常每月可以得到大約1,000美元。如果他們能夠等到70歲，那么這個數字將會翻倍。
Taking Social Security too early, or without thinking through the consequences, is one of the biggest financial blunders people can make─roughly on a par with buying tech stocks in 2000 or a Las Vegas condo in 2006. The lure of getting money early can blind people to the big cost down the road.
過早支取社保金，毫不考慮后果，這是美國人可能犯下的最大的理財錯誤之一──其不明智的程度堪比在2000年買入科技股或是在2006年買下拉斯維加斯的一套公寓。早點拿到錢的誘惑可能會讓人們對未來即將付出的巨大代價視而不見。
(Many retirees may not have much of a choice. Hard labor at low pay over a lifetime takes its toll on a person. Also, many companies all but force older workers into early retirements.)
（許多退休者可能沒有太多選擇。一輩子拿著低薪從事著艱苦的工作，是很折磨人的。而且，許多公司幾乎是在強迫高齡員工早點退休。）
In any case, it doesn't take more than just a few years before the total money accrued with the higher, later benefits surpasses the total earned starting at the earlier retirement age.
無論如何，多等上些時候去享受更高的福利，這樣積累下來的數額用不了幾年就能超過在退休年齡初期即開始提取的全部社保金額。
But that understates the bigger issue. Social Security is insurance. For many retirees, the big risk isn't that they will run out of money before they turn 70, but after 85. According to the Centers for Disease Control, more than half of women currently age 65 will live to 85 or longer, and three out of eight men.
不過，這樣說會讓人們忽視一個更大的問題。社保金是一種保險。對于許多退休者而言，最大的風險不在于他們會在70歲之前沒錢了，而是在85歲之后。根據美國疾病控制與預防中心(Centers for Disease Control)的數據，目前年齡在65歲的女性中，超過半數的人將活到85歲甚至更久，男性中的這個比例為八分之三。
David Blanchett, head of retirement research for financial research firm Morningstar, says it makes sense for women, married couples and those with good health to wait longer for a bigger paycheck.
晨星公司(Morningstar)負責退休問題研究的主管戴維•布蘭切特(David Blanchett)說，對于女性、已婚夫婦和那些身體狀況良好者而言，應該多等些時間以便得到更高的福利，因為這樣做更為合理。
5. Buying long-term bonds
5. 購買長期債券
A surprising number of people still subscribe to the flawed and circular argument that bonds, including long-term government bonds, are 'safe.' In reality, bonds─especially long-term government bonds─are the rare example of a bubble that has been explicitly declared.
令人吃驚的人，仍有很多人接受這樣的觀點：包括長期政府債券在內的債券是“安全的”。實際上，債券──特別是長期政府債券──是少有的一種已經被明確宣告的泡沫。
The Fed is openly printing money and using it to buy up such bonds, driving up the price and driving down the interest rates, in order to help the economy. There is no dispute about this. It's public policy.
美聯儲在毫不掩飾地大肆印著鈔票，并用這些印出來的鈔票買國債，從而抬高這類債券的價格，壓低利率，以便能夠幫助提振美國經濟。這一點毫無爭議。這是公開的政策。
A 30-year Treasury bond currently sports an interest rate of just 3.1%. That's barely half a percentage point above long-term inflation forecasts. Based on history, the yield should be at least 4.5%, or two percentage points above inflation.
30年期美國國債目前的收益率僅為3.1%。這比長期通貨膨脹預期僅高出半個百分點。如果以過往的標準來衡量，30年期國債的收益率應該至少達到4.5%，比通貨膨脹率高出兩個百分點。
Thirty-year Treasury inflation-protected securities, known as TIPS, sport a 'real' or inflation-adjusted yield of 0.6% a year. Again, it should be 2%.
30年期通脹掛鉤國債的“實際”年收益率，即扣除通貨膨脹因素后的收益率，為0.6%。而以過往的標準來衡量，這一收益率應當是2%。
The only reason to buy such bonds in any quantity is to gamble on a 1930s-style depression and world-wide deflation. Such bonds are a gamble, not a safe haven.
購買這類債券的唯一理由只能是押注經濟會重現上世紀30年代那樣的大蕭條，而且會出現全球性的通貨緊縮。投資這類債券是在賭博，不是避險。
| 重點單詞 | 查看全部解釋 | |||
| legal | ['li:gəl] |
想一想再看 |
聯想記憶 | |
| yield | [ji:ld] |
想一想再看 n. 生產量，投資收益 |
||
| flawed | [flɔ:d] |
想一想再看 adj. 有缺陷的；有瑕疵的；有裂紋的 |
||
| desperate | ['despərit] |
想一想再看 adj. 絕望的，不顧一切的 |
聯想記憶 | |
| social | ['səuʃəl] |
想一想再看 adj. 社會的，社交的 |
||
| employee | [.emplɔi'i:] |
想一想再看 n. 雇員 |
聯想記憶 | |
| protection | [prə'tekʃən] |
想一想再看 n. 保護，防衛 |
聯想記憶 | |
| epidemic | [.epi'demik] |
想一想再看 n. 傳染病，流行病 |
聯想記憶 | |
| reserve | [ri'zə:v] |
想一想再看 n. 預備品，貯存，候補 |
聯想記憶 | |
| stock | [stɔk] |
想一想再看 n. 存貨，儲備; 樹干; 血統; 股份; 家畜 |
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