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When it comes to saving, no age-group has experienced a bigger change of heart than young adults.
談到存款，沒有哪個(gè)年齡段的人比現(xiàn)在年輕的成年人在思想上經(jīng)歷了更大起伏。
Measures of saving rates among young adults under 35 show they're suddenly saving a whole lot more. According to Moody's Analytics, one measure, the four-quarter moving average of the saving rate of young adults -- which smoothes out volatility -- started dropping in the late 1990s and hit roughly -15% in 2006 -- before climbing higher during the 2008 global financial crisis and its economic aftermath to over 5%. It's now around 2% or 3%, as of the third quarter of 2012.
衡量35歲以下成年人儲(chǔ)蓄率的指標(biāo)顯示，他們突然開始瘋狂存錢。據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究機(jī)構(gòu)Moody's Analytics統(tǒng)計(jì)，年輕人儲(chǔ)蓄率的四季度移動(dòng)均值從上世紀(jì)90年代末開始下滑，2006年達(dá)到負(fù)的15%左右，隨后在2008年全球金融經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)期間有所攀升，一度突破5%。截至2012年第三季度，年輕人儲(chǔ)蓄率四季度移動(dòng)均值約為2%或3%。該指標(biāo)在一定程度上消除了波動(dòng)性影響。
No other age group has seen so violent a turn from borrowing to saving. ( See related article.) Sure, people between 35 and 44 also increased saving during the recession, but their about-face wasn't as dramatic. Young people now save roughly as much as people 35 to 44 -- and nearly as much as those between 45 and 54.
其他年齡段就沒有出現(xiàn)如此強(qiáng)烈的從借錢到儲(chǔ)蓄的態(tài)度變化。當(dāng)然，35歲至44歲的人在經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣的時(shí)候也增加了儲(chǔ)蓄，但他們的態(tài)度轉(zhuǎn)變沒有這么劇烈。年輕人目前在存錢方面與35歲至44歲年齡段差不多一樣，甚至接近45歲至54歲年齡段的人。
The trend suggests the recession may have made some young people more 'risk averse,' economists' jargon for less willing to take risks by, say, borrowing. It's likely that many young people are having a harder time getting credit, especially those with super- high student-loan burdens. But young adults are also seeing their incomes fall, and generally make less money than older people. So they may now -- post financial crisis and recession -- find themselves less able to service debt. That, in turn, may reduce their demand for credit.
這個(gè)趨勢表明，經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退可能令一些年輕人的“避險(xiǎn)情緒”增加。這是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家使用的術(shù)語，指不太愿意通過借款等方式承擔(dān)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。一種可能的解釋是，很多年輕人目前獲得貸款的難度有所增加，特別是那些背負(fù)著超高學(xué)生貸款的年輕人。而同時(shí)，年輕成年人的收入也有所下降，整體來看他們賺的錢不如年齡較大的人多。如今，在金融危機(jī)和經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退過后，他們可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的償債能力減弱了，而這反過來又會(huì)影響他們的貸款需求。
'Younger households were significantly dis-saving -- aggressively borrowing -- prior to the recession, but they are now saving at a healthy rate,' said Mark Zandi, economist at Moody's Analytics.
Moody's Analytics的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家贊迪(Mark Zandi)說，年輕家庭在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退之前曾非常反對儲(chǔ)蓄，他們會(huì)大量借錢，但如今他們的儲(chǔ)蓄率處在一個(gè)健康的水平上。
'I think this clearly shows a significant increase in the risk aversion of younger households given the economic nightmare of the downturn and weak recovery,' he adds. 'It is unclear how long this heightened risk aversion will last, but I suspect the last few years will have an indelible impact on how younger households think about their finances.'
贊迪還說：我認(rèn)為這明確顯示，面對經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷和復(fù)蘇乏力的噩夢，年輕家庭的避險(xiǎn)情緒明顯增加。他說：不清楚這種加劇的避險(xiǎn)情緒會(huì)持續(xù)多長時(shí)間，但我懷疑過去幾年對于年輕家庭的財(cái)務(wù)觀會(huì)產(chǎn)生不可磨滅的影響。
