They write: ‘In many countries, lower productivity among older workers is used as a motivation for early retirement policies.

　　他們說，“在世界上的很多國家，抱怨年老員工工作效率低下通常是勸道他們提前退休的理由。”

　　‘If this were true, the ageing populations in many developed countries would have negative effects on overall productivity. These results cast doubt on such beliefs.’

　　“如果我們的想法是正確的，那么在很多發達國家中的老齡人口將對于社會的整體創造力產生負面影響。但研究的結果卻與這樣的觀點背道而馳。”

　　The researchers argue that in sectors where physical strength is less important than in manufacturing, such as in the service sector, it is likely that older workers are even more productive.

　　研究者們認為，體能再現在生產中所占的重要性正在降低，例如在服務業中，年長員工的工作效率更高。

　　The researchers also found that a higher proportion of women in the workforce is bad for productivity in young teams and good in old teams.

　　研究者們還發現，在年輕的團隊中，女性所占比例過高將對效率產生反作用，但這樣的情況在年長的團隊中剛好相反。

　　They say women make fewer errors, but young male workers get distracted, and are likely to make more errors, if women are in the team.

　　他們表示，女性出錯的幾率更低，但卻會使得年輕的男性員工分心，團隊中若有女性的存在，會使得他們更容易出錯。