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We've known for more than a decade that the key to weight-loss is to consume fewer calories than you're burning--in other words, eat less, exercise more, or both. That dietary adage was confirmed last week by researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health, with a widely reported study in the New England Journal of Medicine.
有一個真理已經印在我們腦子里十多年了，那就是減肥的關鍵是吃進去的熱量要比消耗掉的少才行，換句話說，要么少吃東西，要么多做運動，兩者兼顧當然更好。上周哈佛大學公共健康專業的研究員們已經證實了這句飲食格言的有效性，并在《新英格蘭醫學期刊》上做了大幅報道。
In the study, researchers put 811 overweight adults on one of four weight loss plans, which were supposed to vary widely in fat, protein, and carbohydrate content. Most of the reporting discussed Atkins-style high protein diets as similar to the diet's high protein plan and Ornish-style low fat vegetarian diets as similar to the study's low fat plan. Since everyone who cut out 750 calories per day from their diets lost basically the same amount of weight, the take home message seemed to be that none of the popular diets are any better than any of the others.
在這項研究中，研究員們給811位超重的成年人制定了一個減掉四分之一體重的計劃，這樣一來，脂肪、蛋白質和碳水化合物的攝入量就都要較他們習慣的飲食做很大的改變。報道用了很大篇幅討論兩種飲食方式，一個是跟阿金博士食譜高蛋白質飲食法相似的高蛋白質攝入計劃，另一個是跟歐寧胥節食法理念一致的低脂肪素食計劃。因為每天從他們食譜中減少750卡路里熱量的人也可以減少相同量的體重，因此，這項研究的結果表明這些著名的飲食法似乎并沒有什么過人之處。
But upon closer analysis, a very different conclusion emerges.
但是隨著研究深入，一種不同的聲音若隱若現。
First, all the tested diets strived to be "heart healthy," which means that they limited saturated fat, limited cholesterol, and contained at least 20 daily grams of fiber (in the form of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables). Anyone with even a passing familiarity with Atkins-style diets knows that all three of these requirements are virtually impossible on such diets--so this study should not be read, in any way, as endorsing an Atkins (or similar high-meat) diet for weight loss.
首先，所有參加測試的人都要努力做到“心臟健康”，也就是他們要控制飽和脂肪酸，控制膽固醇，還要保證每天20克的膳食纖維的攝入（全谷物、水果和蔬菜中都有）。每個曾經試過阿金飲食法的人都知道這三個要求在阿金食譜中實際是不可能做到的，因此，要通過這個研究來證明阿金減肥法（吃肉療法）對減肥有效著實是無稽之談。
Second, although the caloric restriction worked for everyone who stuck with it--so it certainly is confirmation that caloric restriction is the way to lose weight--participants at two years were already consuming more than the allowed calories and gaining back weight. In fact, all four groups were on track to be right where they started by year three. In other words, for long term weight loss, all of the diets failed.
再次，盡管只要大家能堅持下來，控制攝入卡路里就能幫助你減輕體重（這也是證明控制卡路里就能減肥的理由），但是參與者在兩年內消耗的卡路里在規定范圍內，可是體重卻又反彈了。實際上，所有四組參與者在第三年試驗開始時全都恢復了最原始的體重。換句話說，每種減肥法對長期減輕體重都沒什么用。
