科技的前進(jìn)創(chuàng)新的傳統(tǒng)BMW

Bayerische Motoren Werke AG (BMW), German manufacturer of automobiles, motorcycles, and aircraft engines. Based in Munich, Germany, the company is the leading auto exporter in Europe. The English translation of the company's name is Bavarian Motor Works.

寶馬汽車(chē)，德國(guó)汽車(chē)、摩托車(chē)、飛機(jī)引擎制造商. 總部設(shè)在德國(guó)慕尼黑,是歐洲的主要汽車(chē)出口商.公司名稱(chēng)翻譯為英文是Bavarian Motor Works.

The company traces its origins to 1913, when a Bavarian named Karl Rapp began an aircraft-engine shop in Munich named Rapp Motoren Werke. In 1917 Rapp resigned and the company, led by Austrian engineer Franz-Josef Popp, changed its name to Bayerische Motoren Werke. That same year chief engineer Max Friz designed the company's first aircraft engine, the six-cylinder Type IIIa, which created strong demand for BMW engines. When the 1919 Treaty of Versailles prohibited German companies from producing aircraft and aircraft engines, BMW switched to making air brakes for railway cars. In 1923 Friz developed the company's first motorcycle, the R32, a model that held world speed records for motorcycles during most of the 1930s.

公司的起源追溯到1913年,一個(gè)名叫卡爾的巴伐利亞人在慕尼黑開(kāi)了一家飛機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)商店叫Rapp Motoren Werke. 1917年Rapp辭職，公司由奧地利工程師弗朗茨改名為BMW. 同年,該公司首席工程師馬克思設(shè)計(jì)了公司第一個(gè)飛機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、6缸IIIa型,開(kāi)創(chuàng)了寶馬引擎市場(chǎng)需求. 1919年凡爾賽條約禁止德國(guó)公司生產(chǎn)飛機(jī)和飛機(jī)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),寶馬改為制造鐵路車(chē)的氣閘. 1923年制造了公司的第一輛機(jī)車(chē)----R32：在二十世紀(jì)三十年代大部分時(shí)間內(nèi)成為世界速度記錄機(jī).

In 1928 the company entered the automobile business by acquiring Fahrzeugwerke Eisenach (Eisenach Vehicle Factory), a maker of small cars based in Eisenach, Germany. In the 1930s BMW began producing a line of larger touring cars and sports cars, introducing its highly successful model-the 328 sports car-in 1936.

公司于1928年進(jìn)入汽車(chē)行業(yè)，收購(gòu)了愛(ài)森納赫(愛(ài)森納赫汽車(chē)廠)，一個(gè)設(shè)在德國(guó)愛(ài)森納赫的小型汽車(chē)廠.二十世紀(jì)三十年代寶馬開(kāi)始生產(chǎn)一系列的轎車(chē)和賽車(chē)。1936年成功的引進(jìn)其模型---328賽車(chē).

After World War II ended in 1945, Allied forces dismantled the company's main factories. BMW made kitchen and garden equipment before introducing a new, inexpensive motorcycle to the German market in 1948. The company's return to auto production in the 1950s resulted in poor sales. In the 1960s the company turned its fortunes around by focusing on sports sedans and compact touring cars, and it began to compete with Mercedes-Benz in the luxury-car markets of Europe and the United States. BMW's U.S. sales peaked in 1986 but then dropped steeply, partly due to competition from two new luxury cars-Lexus, made by Toyota Motor Corporation, and Infiniti, made by Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. The 1989 collapse of the Berlin Wall led to a boom in car sales in Europe, and in 1992 BMW outsold Mercedes-Benz in Europe for the first time.

第二世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后1945年,盟軍解散公司的主要工廠. 寶馬在1948年德國(guó)市場(chǎng)引進(jìn)了一臺(tái)便宜的機(jī)車(chē)之前是制造廚房和花園設(shè)備。50年代公司因?yàn)殇N(xiāo)售業(yè)績(jī)太差重新回到汽車(chē)行業(yè). 60年代寶馬BMW振興工業(yè)行動(dòng)終于又泛起一片曙光，公司集中制造賽車(chē)和豪華轎車(chē)，在歐洲和美國(guó)豪華車(chē)市場(chǎng)上可以同奔馳相抗衡. 1986年寶馬在美國(guó)的銷(xiāo)售達(dá)到高峰但之后又急劇下降，部分原因是由于豪華轎車(chē)市場(chǎng)兩個(gè)新的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手：豐田汽車(chē)公司和Infiniti。1989年柏林墻倒塌,帶來(lái)了歐洲汽車(chē)市場(chǎng)的繁榮,在1992年寶馬首次在歐洲市場(chǎng)銷(xiāo)售額超過(guò)了奔馳.

寶馬3系列 有史以來(lái)最成功的運(yùn)動(dòng)型轎車(chē)

In 1990 BMW formed a joint venture with the British aerospace company Rolls-Royce PLC to produce aircraft engines for business jets. In 1992 BMW broke ground for a major automobile plant in Spartanburg, South Carolina, its first automobile plant in the United States. In 1994 BMW acquired 80 percent of the Rover Group-a British manufacturer of small cars, luxury cars, and Land Rover sport-utility vehicles-from British Aerospace PLC. The $1.2 billion acquisition brought the company into new markets.

1990年寶馬和英國(guó)航空航天公司---勞斯萊斯飛機(jī)引擎制造商合資制造航天引擎. 1992年BMW在美國(guó)的卡羅萊納州南部的斯帕坦堡開(kāi)設(shè)了一家主要的汽車(chē)廠，這是美國(guó)的第一汽車(chē)廠. 1994年寶馬獲得英國(guó)航空航天公司銷(xiāo)售的英國(guó)小型車(chē)、豪華轎車(chē)、越野賽車(chē)制造商80%的市場(chǎng)額，. 12億美金的收入為公司帶來(lái)了新的市場(chǎng).

車(chē)標(biāo)故事：

寶“寶馬”曾譯為巴依爾。由于寶馬公司是以生產(chǎn)航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)開(kāi)始創(chuàng)業(yè)的，所以商標(biāo)中的藍(lán)色為天空，白色為螺旋槳，這是寶馬車(chē)標(biāo)的一大特點(diǎn)。寶馬車(chē)標(biāo)采用了內(nèi)外雙圓圈的圖形，并在雙圈圓環(huán)的上方標(biāo)有BMW字樣的商標(biāo)。整個(gè)商標(biāo)就像藍(lán)天、白云和運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)不停的螺旋槳，喻示寶馬公司的淵源和悠久的歷史，既象征該公司過(guò)去在航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)技術(shù)方面的領(lǐng)先地位，又象征公司的一貫宗旨和目標(biāo)。

和奔馳汽車(chē)公司一樣,寶馬汽車(chē)公司以汽 車(chē)的高質(zhì)量、高性能和高技術(shù)為追求目標(biāo),汽車(chē)產(chǎn)量不高,但在世界汽車(chē)界和用戶(hù)中享有和奔馳汽車(chē)幾乎同等的聲譽(yù)。寶馬汽車(chē)加速性能和高速性能在世界汽車(chē)界數(shù)一數(shù)二,因而各國(guó)警方的警車(chē)首選 的就是寶馬汽車(chē)。寶馬的摩托車(chē)在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上最為昂貴,甚至超過(guò)了豪華汽車(chē),售價(jià)高達(dá)3萬(wàn)美元左右。由于寶馬產(chǎn)品以賽車(chē)風(fēng)格設(shè)計(jì),因而在世界賽車(chē)活動(dòng)中寶馬汽車(chē)經(jīng)常大出風(fēng)頭。