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Small European enclaves have given financial regulators big headaches in the past.
過去，一些歐洲小國曾讓金融監管機構頭疼不已。
Two of them, San Marino and the Vatican, will be visited by inspectors from Moneyval,
來自Moneyval的檢察員將拜訪其中兩個——圣馬力諾和梵蒂岡，
the organisation set up to fight money-laundering and terrorist funding in Europe, in the final days of September.
該組織在九月末成立，目的是打擊歐洲的洗錢和恐怖主義融資。
They will arrive at a delicate moment. Starting next spring, the European Union (EU) plans to pour about 209bn euro ($245bn) into Italy
他們到達的時刻微妙。從明年春季開始，歐盟計劃向意大利注資約2090億歐元（2450億美元）
in order to help it recover from the covid-19 pandemic.
以幫助其從新冠疫情中恢復過來。
Even allowing for inflation and economic growth, that is more than was invested in the country through the post-war Marshall Plan.
即使考慮到通貨膨脹和經濟增長，這也超過了戰后馬歇爾計劃對該國的投資。
Much of the EU cash will be directed towards the poorer south of Italy.
歐盟的大部分資金將流向更貧窮的意大利南部地區。
But that is where Italy's mafias can most easily steer funds and contracts their way.
但這是意大利黑手黨最容易操縱資金和合同的地方。
Having two inadequately regulated mini-states on their doorstep would offer them an easy way to launder their gains.
家門口有兩個監管不力的小國，這位他們提供一種輕松洗錢的方法。
On a recent visit to Rome Catherine De Bolle, the executive director of Europol,
在近期對羅馬的拜訪中，歐洲刑警組織的執行主任凱瑟琳·德波勒警告稱，
warned that her organisation had detected a rise in organised crime's penetration of the European economy
她的組織已經發現，組織犯罪對歐洲經濟的滲透有所上升
and asked EU states to be particularly vigilant with regard to the recovery funds.
并且要求歐盟各國特別警惕復蘇資金。
As Moneyval made clear in its last report in 2015, San Marino has made significant progress towards installing a robust anti-money-laundering system.
正如Moneyval在2015年最后一篇報告中明確指出的那樣，圣馬力諾在建立反洗錢系統方面取得了重大進展。
But the Holy See looks more problematic, despite Pope Francis's avowed intention of overhauling its tangled finances.
但羅馬教廷的問題似乎更多，盡管教皇方濟各公開表示有意整頓其錯綜復雜的財政問題。
Two controversies are swirling. The first has to do with the Vatican Bank,
目前有兩個爭議。第一個和梵蒂岡銀行有關，
properly known as the Institute for the Works of Religion (IOR), a lender located within the city state.
該銀行正確名稱是宗教事務銀行（IOR），是一家位于這個城邦國家內的銀行。
The second concerns a judicial investigation into dealings by the Roman Curia,
第二個是關于羅馬教廷對交易的司法調查，
the central administration of the Catholic church, the effects of which have rippled abroad.
它是天主教會的中央管理機構，其影響已經波及到國外。
Inspectors had hoped that the Vatican Bank was no longer a problem. In a report on the Holy See in 2017,
檢察員曾希望梵蒂岡銀行不再是個問題。在2017年關于羅馬教廷的一份報告中，
Moneyval concluded that its anti-money-laundering procedures were "firmly established".
Moneyval總結到，其反洗錢程序已“牢固確立”。
Yet the IOR is now ensnared in litigation, which ironically arises from the clean-up.
然而，IOR現在陷入了訴訟，具有諷刺意味的是，這是由鏟除工作引發的。
In March a Maltese court authorised three companies involved in a dispute with the bank to seize assets worth 29.5m euro—
三月，馬耳他一家法院授權與該銀行發生糾紛的三家公司扣押價值2950萬歐元的資產——
equivalent to more than three-quarters of the IOR's profits in 2019.
相當于2019年IOR利潤的四分之三以上。
The two Maltabased investment companies and a Luxembourg-based subsidiary claim that, following a change of management,
兩家位于馬耳他的投資公司和一家位于盧森堡的子公司宣稱，管理層發生變動后，
the IOR reneged on a commitment to invest 33m euro in the purchase and development of the building that once housed the Budapest Stock Exchange.
IOR違背承諾，放棄投資3300萬歐元用于購買和開發布達佩斯證券交易所所在的大樓。
(The IOR contends that the deal was altered in a way that prejudiced its interests and claims to have incurred losses and lost profits of up to 25.2m euro.)
（IOR聲稱，該交易的變更方式損害了其利益，并聲稱已造成了高達2520萬歐元的損失和利潤損失。）
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