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Book review
書評
Espionage
間諜
The Fuhrer’s man in Manhattan
希特勒元首的間諜在曼哈頓
Ring of Spies.
《間諜集團》
By Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones.
作者：羅德里·杰弗里斯—瓊斯
As Germany pursued its territorial expansion in 1938, many Americans wanted nothing more than to be left alone.President Franklin Roosevelt had signed three neutrality acts forbidding involvement in Europe’s troubles. Of the fears that kept his compatriots awake, Hitler was eclipsed by mobsters, dust bowls and unemployment. This was to change, explains Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones in his new book, when the FBI’s unveiling of a Nazi spy ring poisoned relations with Germany and forced America to confront a hostile world.
1938年，德國進行領土擴張，而許多美國人只想著獨善其身。富蘭克林·羅斯福總統簽署了三項中立法案，禁止卷入歐洲的麻煩。希特勒使德國被暴徒、塵暴和失業蠶食，這讓他的同胞們陷入恐懼，無法安眠。這是要改變的，羅德里·杰弗里斯—瓊斯在他的新書中解釋道，當時聯邦調查局揭發了納粹間諜集團，這一舉措敗壞了美國與德國的關系，并迫使美國對抗一個充滿敵意的世界。
A historian at Edinburgh University, Mr Jeffreys-Jones draws the reader in with thrilling, but initially disparate, tales of German espionage. The sense of Nazi audacity steadily rises. A widow with a penpal in Hamburg suddenly develops a penchant for photographing naval bases. A group of agents smuggle out secret documents as stamp-size pictures hidden in pocket-watches. Another cell plots to snatch mobilisation plans by subduing a colonel with a sedative-loaded fountain pen. Blueprints for American fighterplanes are stolen.
杰弗里斯—瓊斯是愛丁堡大學的歷史學家，他以激動人心、開頭就與眾不同的德國間諜故事來吸引讀者。納粹間諜集團的膽量穩步上升。一位在漢堡有筆友的寡婦突然對拍攝海軍基地產生了興趣。一群特工把秘密文件充作郵票大小的照片藏在懷表里偷運出來。他們還暗中謀劃用裝有鎮靜劑的鋼筆制服一名上校，搶奪動員計劃。美國戰斗機的設計圖也被偷了。
These pieces are gradually put together by Leon Turrou, the story’s fascinating central figure. A Jewish immigrant from Belarus, Turrou was an FBI agent who spent the 1930s fighting fascist and communist saboteurs with equal fervour. In 1938 he made the connections between the German spies, and tracked down a prime suspect.Ignatz Griebl ran a quiet medical practice in Manhattan, but his candid confession confirmed Turrou’s darkest fears (and unites the book’s scattered incidents):
這些間諜故事片段是由萊昂·圖魯逐漸拼湊起來的，他是這個故事中迷人的核心人物。圖魯是一名來自白俄羅斯的猶太移民，是一名聯邦調查局探員，他在20世紀30年代以同樣的熱情與法西斯和共產主義破壞分子作斗爭。1938年，他建立起了德國間諜之間的聯系，并追查到了一位頭號嫌犯。伊格納茨·格里貝爾在曼哈頓經營著一家安靜的醫療機構，但他的坦率供述證實了圖魯最黑暗的恐懼（并將書中零散的事件聯系起來）：
Turrou: When did spy activities in this country start?
圖魯：在國家的間諜活動什么時候開始的？
Griebl: In 1933, soon after Hitler came to power.
格里貝爾：1933年，希特勒上臺不久。
The reader, like Turrou in the dimly lit interrogation room, is suddenly daunted by the scale of the Nazi scheme.German diplomats cut Griebl loose, which helped turn him into an FBI informant. From that point on, the spy ring unravelled.
讀者就像在昏暗的審訊室里的圖魯一樣，突然被納粹計劃的規模嚇壞了。德國外交官把格里貝爾放走了，這幫助他成為聯邦調查局的線人。從那一刻起，這個間諜集團就被瓦解了。
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