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The Americans argue that such tough enforcement mechanisms are needed, given China's history of failing to keep its promises.
美國認為鑒于中國不守承諾的歷史，這種強硬的執行機制是需要的。
They think that only by offering tariff reductions for good behaviour, and threatening new tariffs for backsliding,
他們認為只有通過為良好品行提供關稅減低并對毀約威脅實施新關稅
can they ensure that the Chinese keep their side of the bargain. But the Americans may have to give some ground, since the Chinese also have grounds for mistrust.
才能確保中國遵守他們的承諾。但是美國人可能需要做出一些讓步，因為中國也有理由不信任美國。
One of the reasons Mexican and Canadians agreed to rewrite their trade deal with America last year
去年墨西哥和加拿大同意重寫和美國貿易協議的原因之一是
was the prospect of tariffs on steel and aluminium thereby being lifted. Months later, those tariffs are still in place.
希望能以此解除鋼鐵和鋁的關稅。數月后，這些關稅仍未解除。
Business lobbyists in Washington seem resigned to tariffs being phased out only gradually as agreed-upon milestones are passed.
華盛頓商業說客似乎順從于只是隨著商定里程碑的通過而逐步解除的關稅。
Recent evidence on the effects of the Trump administration's tariffs imposed in 2018 suggests that Americans will pay the price.
針對2018年特朗普政府實施關稅影響的近期證據表明美國將會付出代價。
A study by Mary Amiti of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Stephen Redding of Princeton University
紐約聯邦儲備銀行的Mary Amiti，普林斯頓大學的Stephen Redding
and David Weinstein of Columbia University found that American importers were swallowing the cost of tariffs by paying higher prices,
以及哥倫比亞大學的David Weinstein的一項研究發現美國進口商正在通過支付更高的價格承擔關稅成本，
and that they were responding by importing a narrower range of products.
并且通過進口更少種類的產品應對這一問題。
Another study, by Pablo Fajgelbaum and Amit Khandelwal of the National Bureau of Economic Research,
國民經濟調查局的Pablo Fajgelbaum和Amit Khandelwal
Pinelopi Goldberg of the World Bank and Patrick Kennedy of the University of California, Berkeley,
世界銀行的Pinelopi Goldberg以及伯克利加利福尼亞大學的Patrick Kennedy的另一項研究
found that although some American producers gained from weaker competition from imports,
發現雖然一些美國生產商從進口的較弱競爭中獲益，
that was outweighed by losses to consumers and other producers, who had to pay more for inputs.
但消費者和其他需要為投入花費更多錢的生產商的流失抵消了這一優勢。
It seems unlikely that the Trump administration will be swayed by this evidence of collateral damage.
特朗普政府似乎不可能為附帶損害的證據所動搖。
Indeed, it may see buyers' struggles to adjust to tariffs as evidence that they were too dependent on Chinese exports in the first place.
確實，特朗普政府可能將買家調整關稅的努力看做是他們過于依賴中國出口的證據。
Although a deal may see an easing of the tariff regime, from the administration's perspective it has been too successful to abandon altogether.
雖然一份協議可以緩和關稅制度，從政府角度來看，關稅實施太成功了，所以不能完全放棄。
Americans had better get used to higher prices.
美國人最好適應更高的價格。
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