評論
打印
What Is Grit?
什么是決心？
Good afternoon, everyone.
大家下午好。
Today, I would like to talk about my research project concerning the key to success.
今天我想談一談我的研究項目，主題是成功的關鍵。
I would like to start my topic with my own story.
首先，我想講講我自己的故事。
When I was 27 years old, I left for a demanding job:
27歲的時候，我去做了一份非常有挑戰(zhàn)性的工作：
teaching seventh graders math in the New York City public schools.
去紐約的公立學校教七年級數(shù)學。
And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests.
像其他老師一樣，我設計了課堂測驗和考試，
I gave out homework assignments.
也會布置家庭作業(yè)，
When the work came back, I calculated grades.
作業(yè)交上來，我也會給出分數(shù)。
What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference between my best and my worst students.
我吃驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)，智商并不是好學生和差學生的唯一區(qū)別。
Some of my strongest performers did not have super IQ scores.
有些表現(xiàn)很好的學生智商并沒有高出常人。
Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.
有些非常聰明的孩子表現(xiàn)不是特別好。
Then I felt very interested in knowing the reason
因此我非常想弄明白，
why the students' math performance is not that closely related to their IQ scores.
為什么學生在數(shù)學上的變現(xiàn)并沒有跟智商值密切相關呢？
I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of challenging settings,
我開始研究在各種極具挑戰(zhàn)性的情境下，兒童和成年人的表現(xiàn)。
and in every study my question was, who is successful here and why?
在研究中，我會提出這樣的問題：這里誰是成功的人？為什么？
My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy.
我和我的實驗團隊去了西點軍校。
We tried to predict which students would stay in military training and which would drop out.
我們預測了哪些學生會完成軍訓，哪些會掉隊。
We went to the National Spelling Contest
我們?nèi)チ巳珖醋直荣悾?/div>
and tried to predict which children would advance furthest in competition.
預測哪些孩子會最終奪冠。
We worked with private companies, asking, which of these salespeople is going to keep their jobs?
我們到過一些企業(yè)，問他們哪些銷售人員會被留任，
And who's going to earn the most money?
誰賺的最多。
We went to many places, and finally one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success.
我們?nèi)チ撕芏嗟胤剑詈蟀l(fā)現(xiàn)一個能預測成功的重要特點。
And it wasn't social intelligence.
不是社會智能。
It wasn't good looks, physical health, and it wasn't IQ.
不是姣好的長相，不是健康的身體，也不是智商。
It was grit.
是決心。
What is grit?
決心是什么？
Well, grit is passion and perseverance for very long-term goals.
嗯，決心是為達成長期目標而努力的熱情與恒心。
Grit is sticking with your future, day in, day out, not just for the week, not just for the month,
決心是不放棄對未來的憧憬，日復一日，不是一周，不是一個月，
but for years, and working really hard to make future a reality.
而是年年如此，踏實努力把對未來的憧憬變成現(xiàn)實。
Grit is living your life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.
決心是把生活過成馬拉松，而不是短跑。
A few years ago, I started studying grit in the Chicago public schools.
幾年前，我開始在芝加哥的公立學校研究決心。
I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionnaires,
我做了關于決心的調(diào)查問卷調(diào)查了幾千名高三學生，
and then waited around more than a year to see who would graduate.
又等了一年多看看誰會畢業(yè)。
It turned out that grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate,
最后發(fā)現(xiàn)，比較有決心的孩子們畢業(yè)的可能性更大，
even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure,
即使比對我能測定的各種特點，
things like family income, test scores and so on.
如家庭收入，考試成績等，也是如此。
To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know,
最讓我吃驚的是，我們對決心知之甚少，
how little science knows, about building it.
科學也對如何增強信心記載甚少。
Every day, parents and teachers ask me,
父母們和老師們每天都會問我，
"How do I build grit in kids?
“怎樣讓孩子們更有決心呢？
How do I keep them motivated for the long run? "
我怎么做才能讓他們保持長久的動力呢？”
Our data shows very clearly that there are many talented individuals
我們的數(shù)據(jù)清楚地顯示，有許多有天賦的人，
who simply do not follow through on their commitment.
根本沒辦法堅持做好該做的事。
In fact, in our data, grit is usually unrelated to measures of talent.
數(shù)據(jù)還顯示，決心通常和天賦的程度沒什么關系。
So far, the best idea I've heard about building grit in kids is something called "growth mindset."
迄今為止，我所聽過的增強孩子們決心的最佳方法叫作“成長心態(tài)”。
Growth mindset is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort.
成長心態(tài)認為，學習能力并不固定，通過努力可以改變。
Kids with grit are much more likely to persevere when they fail,
有決心的孩子遇到失敗卻要堅持下去的可能性更大，
because they don't believe that failure is a permanent condition.
因為他們不相信自己會永遠失敗。
So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit.
所以成長心態(tài)是增強決心的好辦法。
But we need more.
不過這還不夠。
And that's where I'm going to end my talk, because that's where we are.
講完這一點我的講話就要結束了，因為我們正面對的就是這件事。
That's the work that stands before us.
那就是在我們面前的工作。
We have to be willing to fail, to be wrong, to start over again with lessons learned.
我們必須愿意失敗，愿意犯錯，愿意得到失敗的教訓后再重新開始。
As a conclusion, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier.
最后，我們也要堅定決心，一定會把孩子們培養(yǎng)得更有決心的。
Next time, I would like to share with you my experience in building up students' grit.
下次我想跟大家分享我增強學生決心的經(jīng)歷。
