評論
打印
Listen to a conversation between a student and an anthropology professor.
聽一段學生和人類學教授的對話。
So how was the field trip to the Nature Center yesterday? You are in that biology class, aren't you?
那么昨天在自然中心的實地考察怎么樣？你是在上生物課，對吧？
Yeah. I am. The trip was amazing.
是的。這次旅途很精彩。
We took a hike through the woods and our guide pointed out all kinds of animal and plant species.
我們在林中徒步行走，我們的導游給我們指出各種動植物物種。
She could identify every bird, every tree...I have to tell you. I was very impressed with her knowledge.
她可以鑒別出每種鳥和樹木……我不得不告訴你，我對她的知識量印象十分深刻。
I am glad to hear you enjoyed the trip.
我很高興聽你說你很享受這趟旅行。
Well, I am interested in getting an advanced degree in forestry after I graduate from here.
我有興趣在從這里畢業后得到林業學的高等學位。
So I love all this stuff. And actually, yesterday's trip got me thinking about my research paper for your class.
所以我很喜歡這些東西。事實上，昨天的旅途讓我思考了我在你的課上寫的研究論文。
Wonderful! Tell me more.
太棒了！多跟我說說。
So our guide was talking about how the human need for resources had shaped the environment.
我們的導游說人類對資源的需求是如何改變環境的。
And I just assumed that the human impact on the environment was always destructive.
而我只是假設人類對環境的影響總是毀滅性的。
Ah...but that's not necessarily true.
但是這未必總是正確的。
Yeah. That's what she was telling us.
是的。這正是她跟我們說的。
She said there's archaeological evidence that some prehistoric cultures relied heavily on dead wood for fuel, or...um...just cut off some of the branches of trees instead of killing the whole tree.
她說有考古學證據顯示一些史前文明大量依賴枯木作為燃料，或者砍掉一些樹枝，而非砍死整棵樹。
It is so funny you mentioned that. I was just reading an article about an archaeological site in Turkey where scientists found evidence that ancient people had been harvesting the branches from pistachio and almond trees.
你提到這點真是太有趣了。我剛讀到一些關于土耳其遺跡的文章，科學家發現的證據顯示古代人從開心果樹和杏樹上采伐樹枝。
Of course, when you prune these trees, cutting off just the branches like that, you are actually encouraging more growth!
當然，當你修剪這些樹，像這樣切斷樹枝的時候，你實際上是在激勵它們的生長！
And you end up with a bigger crops of nuts. So this was a pretty smart strategy for collecting wood.
而且最后你會收獲更多的堅果。所以這是十分聰明的收集木材的策略。
See, that's what I'd like to write about. I want to look at ancient methods of wood harvesting that didn't result in the destruction of the whole forest.
你看，這就是我想寫的。我想要查看古代木材采伐的方法，這并沒有對整片森林造成不利。
Hmm...so you want to write your entire paper on wood harvesting? Is...is that a problem?
所以你想用整篇論文寫木材采伐？-這有問題嗎？
Well, it's certainly a timely topic. Researchers are investigating this now.
這肯定是一篇適時的話題。研究者現在正在調查。
Uh...it's just that...well...I am not sure how it fits with the assignment.
只是我不確定它是不是適合于這項作業。
Remember you are supposed to be focusing on a particular culture or region.
別忘了你應該關注一個特定的文化或地區。
Yeah. Um...actually I was planning on writing about the wood harvesting practices of the people who lived here.
是的。事實上我計劃寫住在這里的人們的木材采伐活動。
You know, the Native Americans who were living in this area and what that might tell us about how they lived.
你知道的，住在這一地區的美洲印第安人，這可能會告訴我們他們是如何生活的。
OK. Well, that's a possibility. I just want to make sure you can find enough information on that topic to write a well-developed paper.
好的，這是一個可能性。我只是想確定你在這一話題上能找到足夠的信息去寫一篇精心制作的論文。
I'd like you to get started on your research right away.
我想讓你立即開始你的研究。
Maybe even talk to that nature guide and show me what information you can find.
也許你甚至可以和那個自然向導談談，并告訴我你得到了什么信息。
Then we can talk about whether or not your topic will work.
然后我們可以談談是否你的主題可以奏效。
