評(píng)論
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avowal
【考法 1】 n. 承認(rèn)： a solemn and often public declaration of the truth or existence of something
【例】 With jingoism rampant, the peace candidate felt compelled to make an avowal of his patriotism. 在沙文主義肆虐的情況下，愛好和平的候選人被迫承認(rèn)自己是個(gè)愛國(guó)主義者。
【近】 affirmation, assertion, asseveration, avouchment, claim, declaration, insistence, profession
【反】 disavowal 否認(rèn)，否定
backfire
【考法 1】 vi. 產(chǎn)生相反的結(jié)果，事與愿違： to have the reverse of the desired or expected effect
【例】 My plan to throw her a surprise party backfired when she ended up sobbing that everyone had forgotten her birthday. 我本想給她的生日開一個(gè)聚會(huì)作為驚喜，但沒想到事與愿違：她啜泣著說(shuō)所有人都忘記了她的生日。
【近】 boomerang
【反】 succeed 成功
baffle
【考法 1】 vt. 挫敗，阻撓： to frustrate or check (a person) as by confusing or perplexing
【例】 baffled by the language barrier 受到語(yǔ)言障礙的阻撓
【近】 balk, beat, check, discomfit, foil, frustrate, thwart
【反】 advance, cultivate, encourage, forward, foster, further, nurture, promote 促進(jìn)，鼓舞
【考法 2】 vt. 使疑惑： to throw into a state of mental uncertainty
【例】 I was baffled by many of the scientific terms used in the article. 這篇文章中各種學(xué)術(shù)詞匯讓我很困惑。
【近】 befog, befuddle, bewilder, confound, discombobulate, disorient, maze, mystify, perplex, puzzle, vex
【反】 clarify, elucidate 澄清，闡明
【派】 baffling adj. 令人困惑的
careen
【考法 1】 vi. 蹣跚而行，不穩(wěn)地行走： to lurch or swerve while in motion
【例】 He careened unsteadily to the couch after hitting his head. 在撞到頭以后，他搖搖擺擺地走向沙發(fā)。
【近】 dodder, lurch, reel, sway, teeter, totter, waddle, wobble
【考法 2】 vi. 狂奔，快速運(yùn)動(dòng)： to rush headlong or carelessly
【例】 Sounding its siren, an ambulance careened through the intersection. 救護(hù)車響著警笛飛馳通過(guò)十字路口。
【近】 blast, bolt, bustle, career, dash, fly, hustle, rush, rustle, speed, whirl
【反】 crawl, creep, lag, poke 緩慢行進(jìn)
constrict .
【考法 1】 vt. 壓縮，壓緊： to make smaller or narrower by or as if by binding or squeezing
【例】 lives constricted by poverty 因?yàn)樨毟F而拮據(jù)的生活‖Severe migraine can be treated with a drug which constricts the blood vessels. 某些能使血管收縮的藥物可用來(lái)治療嚴(yán)重的偏頭痛。
【近】 capsule, collapse, compact, condense, constringe, contract, narrow, squeeze, telescope
【反】 decompress, expand, open, outspread, outstretch 擴(kuò)張，使伸展
dampen .
【考法 1】 vt. （特指稍稍地）弄濕： to make or become slightly or moderately wet
【例】 dampen a paper towel with water and use it to clean up the mess 把紙巾弄濕用來(lái)清掃
【近】 bedew, damp, douse , drench, impregnate, saturate, soak, souse, steep
【反】 dehydrate, desiccate, dry, parch, scorch, sear 使脫水，烤干
【考法 2】 vt. 抑制，壓抑（感情，精力等），潑冷水： to check or diminish the feeling, activity or vigor of
【例】 Nothing could dampen their enthusiasm. 沒有什么能扼殺他們的激情。‖The oppressive heat dampened
our spirits. 讓人難以忍受的酷暑讓我們精神不振。
【近】 benumb, blunt, castrate, deaden, devitalize, enervate, geld, lobotomize, petrify
【反】 brace, energize, enliven, invigorate, quicken, stimulate, vitalize, vivify 使充滿活力
debonair
【考法 1】 adj. 無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的，不在乎的： having or showing freedom from worries or troubles
【例】 His debonair dismissal of my inquiry concerning his financial situation led me to believe that nothing was
wrong. 對(duì)于我有關(guān)他個(gè)人理財(cái)?shù)膯?wèn)題，他表現(xiàn)得毫不在乎，這使我相信沒有問(wèn)題。
【近】 blithe, carefree, gay, insouciant, lighthearted, lightsome, slaphappy, unconcerned
【反】 careworn 焦慮的
【考法 2】 adj. 風(fēng)度翩翩的： having or showing very polished and worldly manners
【例】 The debonair gentleman charmed all of the ladies in the room. 風(fēng)度翩翩的紳士吸引了在場(chǎng)的所有女士。
【近】 civilized, graceful, polished, refined, smooth, sophisticated, suave, svelte, urbane
【反】 boorish, churlish, loutish, uncouth 粗魯?shù)模忠暗模籧lumsy, gauche, graceless 笨拙的
fabulous
【考法 1】 adj. 傳說(shuō)中的： based on, described in, or being a fable
【例】 The city of Phoenix is named after a fabulous bird that every 500 years destroys itself with fire, only to rise again from its own ashes. 鳳凰城的名字來(lái)源于傳說(shuō)中的一種鳥，它每隔 500 年會(huì)在火焰中毀滅，然后再?gòu)幕覡a中重生。
【近】 fabled, legendary
【考法 2】 adj. 幻想中的，不真實(shí)的： not real and existing only in the imagination
【例】 a story of a fabulous land where the people know nothing of war and live together in perfect harmony 一個(gè)有關(guān)世外桃源的故事，當(dāng)?shù)氐木用癫恢缿?zhàn)爭(zhēng)為何物，和諧融洽地生活在一起
【近】 chimerical, dreamy, illusory, phantom, unreal, visionary
【反】 actual, existent, existing, real 真實(shí)存在的
【考法 3】 adj. 令人驚訝的，令人稱奇的： causing wonder or astonishment
【例】 the fabulous endurance of a marathon runner 馬拉松參賽者令人驚訝的耐力
【近】 amazing, astonishing, astounding, miraculous, portentous, prodigious, staggering, stunning, stupendous, sublime, wonderful
【反】 common, ordinary 平常的，普通的
【考法 4】 adj. 極好的： extremely pleasing or successful
【例】 We had a fabulous time on our vacation. 我們的假期贊極了。
【近】 awesome, divine, fantastic, heavenly, marvelous, noble, prime, splendid, superb, superior, terrific
【反】 atrocious, awful, execrable, lousy, pathetic, poor, rotten, terrible, wretched 極差勁的
hobble
【考法 1】 vi. 跛行，蹣跚而行： to walk or move along haltingly or with difficulty
【例】 She picked up her cane and hobbled across the room. 她拿起了一根手杖，一拐一拐地穿過(guò)了房間。
【近】 falter, halt, limp, stagger, totter
【反】 stride 大步走
【考法 2】 vt. 阻礙，妨礙： to hamper the action or progress of
【例】 We were hobbled by the snowstorm from getting out to do some Christmas shopping. 暴雪阻礙了我們圣誕購(gòu)物的計(jì)劃。
【近】 encumber, fetter, handicap, hamper, hinder, impede, inhibit, manacle, obstruct, shackle, stymie, trammel
【反】 aid, assist, facilitate 幫助
plush .
【考法 1】 adj. （味道等）濃郁的： having an abundance of some characteristic quality (as flavor)
【例】 a plush, ripe wine 味道濃郁的陳年老窖
【近】 concentrated, full, heady, lusty, muscular, potent, rich, robust, strong
【反】 delicate, light, mild, thin, weak （味道等）淡的
【考法 2】 adj. 奢華的，豪華的： notably luxurious
【例】 a plush castle filled with priceless art and antiques 一座充滿了無(wú)價(jià)藝術(shù)品和古董的奢華城堡
【近】 deluxe, lavish, luxuriant, luxurious, opulent, palatial, silken, sumptuous
【反】 ascetic, austere, humble, spartan 樸素的，平凡的
n. 莢膜，膠囊，簡(jiǎn)縮，太空艙
vt. 裝入膠
