For Peggy Orenstein, an American journalist, these are symptoms of a larger and more pernicious problem: “the pressure on young women to reduce their worth to their bodies and to see those bodies as a collection of parts that exist for others' pleasure”. In “Girls & Sex”, a wise and sharply argued look at how girls are navigating “the complicated new landscape” of sex and sexuality, Ms Orenstein notes that unlike past feminists, who often protested against their sexual objectification, many of today's young women claim to find it empowering. “There are few times that I feel more confident about my body than when I wear a crop top and my boobs are showing and my legs are showing,” says Holly, a college student. “I never feel more liberated.”
對(duì)于佩吉·沃倫斯坦一個(gè)美國記者來說，這些都是更大更具危害性問題的表現(xiàn)—“年輕的女孩兒背負(fù)著一定的壓力，她們將自己的價(jià)值體現(xiàn)僅限于自己的身體且視自己的身體為滿足別人樂趣的一部分”?！杜⑴c性》講述了女孩兒如何在性別和性相關(guān)“這個(gè)復(fù)雜的新領(lǐng)域”定位，見解獨(dú)到。沃倫斯坦還提到，現(xiàn)在很多年輕女性聲稱性物化給了她們自主權(quán)，而不是像過去的女性那樣反對(duì)性物化。大學(xué)生霍莉說道：“當(dāng)我穿露臍裝秀胸秀腿的時(shí)候我覺得很自信，無拘無束，其他時(shí)間很少有這種感覺。”
This hardly seems like progress, particularly when only certain bodies, those that are sexy to men, are allowed to be a source of pride. (Even Meghan Trainor's body-positive anthem, “All About That Bass”, celebrates fuller bodies because “boys, they like a little more booty to hold at night.”) Yet both authors argue that girls are embracing their own sexualisation in part because they are living in a culture that prioritises women being “hot”. Just listen to Donald Trump, America's Republican presidential front-runner, or try to find a female news presenter wearing a dress with sleeves.
這看起來并不像是進(jìn)步，尤其是當(dāng)特定的身材—那些男性覺得性感的身材，可以被當(dāng)作是自豪感的來源的時(shí)候。（即使梅根·特雷納的那首正能量滿滿的身材頌歌“All About That Bass”贊美了更豐滿的身材，理由是“男孩們晚上更喜歡肥碩的屁屁（此處為歌詞）”）然而作家們還是聲稱女孩子們?cè)谀撤N程度上還是喜歡自己的性化，因?yàn)樗齻兩钤趦?yōu)待身材“火辣”的女性的文化中。聽聽美國共和黨總統(tǒng)競選人唐納德·特朗普說的吧（特朗普在競選中攻擊希拉里，更是搬出希拉里的丈夫、前總統(tǒng)克林頓來反擊她的“性別歧視”批評(píng)。其本人有性別歧視傾向），或者試著找找那些穿長袖裙的新聞女主播吧。
Both books also blame the “ever-broadening influence of porn”. The internet has made pornography more widely available than ever before. Few view it as realistic, but many consult it as a guide—which makes sense in a country where parents rarely talk candidly about sex with their children, especially their daughters, and few schools fill the gap. Educators commonly advocate abstinence and only 13 states require that sex education even be medically accurate.
兩本書也批評(píng)了“色情文學(xué)越來越廣的影響力”?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)使得色情書籍比以前更容易獲得。在一個(gè)父母很少和孩子特別是女孩兒開誠布公地談?wù)撔远液苌儆袑W(xué)校會(huì)有相關(guān)教育的國家，很少有人正視互聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)色情書籍可獲得性的事實(shí)，但是又有很多人視互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為指南。教育者們一般只是提倡節(jié)欲，而且只有13個(gè)國家會(huì)要求醫(yī)學(xué)上較為準(zhǔn)確的性教育。
The problem is that much of this pornography is not only explicit but also violent, which can influence expectations. A study of Canadian teenagers found a correlation between consuming pornography and believing it is okay to hold a girl down for forced sex. Pornography also tends to present women's sexuality as something that exists primarily for the benefit of men. Ms Orenstein notes that most of the young women she interviewed had removed all of their pubic hair since they were about 14 in order to cater to the fickle, porn-bred tastes of young men. They also tended to prioritise their partners' physical pleasure over their own.
問題是很多色情文學(xué)直接，暴力，這些會(huì)影響他們的未來。一項(xiàng)關(guān)于加拿大青少年的調(diào)查研究發(fā)現(xiàn)消費(fèi)色情文學(xué)與認(rèn)為可以擊倒女生并對(duì)其施暴這樣的觀點(diǎn)存在著一定的聯(lián)系。而且色情文學(xué)傾向于將女性的性欲描述為主要為滿足男性而存在的一種事物。沃倫斯坦提到她采訪的很多年輕女性14歲左右就去除了陰毛以迎合那些浮躁的有著色情口味的年輕男人。他們還傾向于更看重另一半身材帶來的歡愉而非他們自己的。
For anyone raising a daughter, these books do not make for easy reading. Expect plenty of stories about binge drinking, random hookups, oral sex and misjudged sexting. Intellectually, many young women believe they can achieve whatever they set their minds to, but most still struggle to obey a sexual double-standard that gives them little room between being chided as “sluts” or “prudes”. As one teenage girl tells Ms Orenstein, “Usually the opposite of a negative is a positive, but in this case it's two negatives. So what are you supposed to do?”
對(duì)于那些有女兒要撫養(yǎng)的家長來說，這些書籍并不容易閱讀。有很多關(guān)于酗酒、隨機(jī)配對(duì)、口交和亂性的故事。理性地說，很多年輕女性認(rèn)為對(duì)她們想要的東西志在必得，但是大多數(shù)人還是會(huì)掙扎著遵循性別上的雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——這使得她們被批為“蕩婦”和“故作正經(jīng)的綠茶婊”，因此她們?cè)谶@兩者之間受到了很大的限制。就像一個(gè)青少年女孩告訴沃倫斯坦的那樣，“消極的反義通常是積極，但是在這個(gè)方面是兩個(gè)消極。所以你還能怎么做呢？” 翻譯：李晶晶&周瑋 校對(duì)：趙容
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