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People's characters were believed to be very sensitive to music.
人們認為，人的性格對音樂非常敏感。
If you started playing around with the rules, you know, messing up the mathematical order, you could do serious harm.
如果你開始玩弄規則，你懂的，就是打亂數學秩序，你可能會造成嚴重傷害。
That's why music was considered so powerful.
這就是為什么人們認為音樂很有力量。
If you knew the rules, it could do great good.
如果你對規則了如指掌，這很有用。
But if you broke them, you could do great harm to the character of the listener.
但如果你打破規則，你可能會對聽者的性格造成嚴重傷害。
So, we have this Greek idea that music is directly related to human character and behavior.
我們知道了，希臘人的觀點是，音樂史直接與人類性格和行為相關的。
The philosopher, Plato, talks about this in the context of education.
哲學家柏拉圖在教育（學生）時提到過這一點。
For Plato, music is an important element in education, but only the right kind of music—that means the kind of music that builds the kind of character a good citizen or a future leader would need.
柏拉圖認為，音樂是教育中重要的元素，但僅限于合適的音樂——意思是能素質好公民或好領袖所需性格的音樂。
Yes. For Plato, there is a kind of music that instills the qualities of leadership, just as there is a kind of music that makes a person soft and weak.
對柏拉圖來說，有某種音樂能塑造領袖所需的素質，正如也有某種音樂能使人變得軟弱。
Now, Plato has very specific, very conventional kinds of music in mind.
柏拉圖心中有非常明確的傳統音樂。
He is not fond of innovation.
他不喜歡創新。
There were musicians in Plato's day who were experimenting with different melodies and rhythms.
在柏拉圖時期，也有音樂家不斷實驗新的旋律和節奏。
A definite no-no for Plato.
在柏拉圖那兒可行不通。
He thinks that breaking with tradition leads to all sorts of social problems, serious problems, even the breakdown of the fabric of society.
他認為，打破傳統會引發各種各樣的社會問題，這些問題都很嚴重，甚至會（導致）社會結構的瓦解。
I am thinking back now to when I first started listening to rock 'n' roll and I remember my father saying it was a bad influence on us.
我現在回想我第一次聽搖滾樂，我還記得我爸爸說那對我們是不好的影響。
I think he would have gotten along well with Plato.
我想他和柏拉圖應該很聊得來。
Anyway, I don't need to tell you what I think about Plato's ideas about innovation, do I?
無論如何，我不需要告訴你們我對柏拉圖對于創新的態度的看法了吧？
Though I have to say it's interesting that the same arguments against new music and art are still being made.
但我要說，同樣反對新型音樂和藝術的觀點現在仍然存在，這很有趣。
Perhaps like the Greeks, we recognize, and maybe even fear the power of music.
也許正如希臘人，我們承認，也許甚至畏懼音樂所具有的力量吧。
