【前言】

雖然世界各地的學者似乎都在造假，但中國評估體系偏重數(shù)量的缺陷，“使人特別容易造假”。據(jù)統(tǒng)計，中國學術(shù)造假的產(chǎn)業(yè)價值可達十億余元。

【講解】

我們來看一段相關(guān)的英文報道

China is known for its pirated DVDs and fake designer gear, but these criminals were producing something more intellectual: fake scholarly articles which they sold to academics, and counterfeit versions of existing medical journals in which they sold publication slots.

As China tries to take its seat at the top table of global academia, the criminal underworld has seized on a feature in its research system: the fact that research grants and promotions are awarded on the basis of the number of articles published, not on the quality of the original research. Such a flawed system for judging research is leading to academic fraud.

中國以盜版DVD和假冒名牌服裝而“著稱”，然而，這些犯罪分子還在制造一些更需要智力的東西——他們有的捏造出學術(shù)文章，然后賣給學者，有的則以現(xiàn)有的醫(yī)學期刊為藍本，偽造出“山寨”期刊，然后出售用以發(fā)表論文的版面。

就在當中國正努力在全球?qū)W術(shù)界的最高層占據(jù)一席之地時，犯罪分子利用了中國研究體系的一個特點，即研究經(jīng)費的發(fā)放和研究人員的晉升，其所根據(jù)的是所發(fā)表文章的數(shù)量，而不是獨創(chuàng)性研究的質(zhì)量。這種存在缺陷的研究評估體系催生了學術(shù)造假。

【講解】

文中的academic fraud就是“學術(shù)造假”的意思。其中academic是形容詞，意思是“學術(shù)的”，又如：the academic community 學術(shù)界，academic exchanges 學術(shù)交流，an academic career 學術(shù)生涯等。文中第二段的academia，可以解釋為“學術(shù)界”，是抽象、不可數(shù)名詞。類似的詞還有academy，意思是“學院”、“研究院”，如：the Chinese Academy of Science 中國科學院。

fraud是“欺騙”、“詐騙”的意思，動詞搭配通常為carry out a fraud或commit a fraud，解釋為“行騙”。