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9. Jazz--The first Thirty Years
九.爵士樂初期的三十年
The city of New Orleans features prominently in early development of jazz. A port city with doors to the spicy sounds of the Caribbean and Mexico and a large, well-established black population, the Crescent City was ripe for the development of new music at the turn of the century. New Orleans was home to great early clarinetists Johnny Dodds, Jimmy Noone and Sidney Bechet.
新奧爾良在爵士樂發展初期起著舉足輕重的作用。它對不同風格的加勒比海、墨西哥及黑人音樂敞開門戶,使新奧爾良市在世紀初具備了發展新興音樂的成熟條件。新奧爾良是早期單簧管演奏家Johnny Dodds，Jimmy Noone和Sidney Bechet的家鄉。
Chicago became the focal point for jazz in the early 1920s when New Orleans musicians found their way north after clubs in the Storyville area of New Orleans were closed. Chicago was a magnet for musicians in the Mid-West.
二十年代初，新奧爾良的大批音樂家流向北方，芝加哥成為爵士樂發展的焦點,起因是新奧爾良Storyville地區許多俱樂部的倒閉。芝加哥成為了中西部地區音樂家的棲息地。
New York City contributed to the richness of jazz in many ways. The first piano style to be incorporated into jazz was stride. The city was also the center of the music publishing business. Also in New York, James Reese Europe experimented with a style of jazz that involved large orchestras.
紐約同樣對爵士樂的豐富做出了很多貢獻。鋼琴表演與爵士樂的第一次結合便大獲成功。紐約也是音樂出版物行業的中心。同樣是在紐約，James Reese Europe實驗了大型管弦樂隊與爵士樂的合奏。
In the late twenties, the jazz center of the the United States moved from Chicago to New York City as many musicians did also.
二十年代后期，因為許多音樂家搬到了紐約，因此爵士樂在美國的大本營也從芝加哥搬到了紐約。
As jazz evolved, highly arranged dance music became the norm. When white musicians like Benny Goodman added black arrangements to their scores, jazz began to move into the Swing or Big Band period. Large black and white jazz bands toured the United States filling the radio airwaves with swing, a term which became synonymous with jazz. Great African American bands during the swing era were Jimmy Lunceford, Chick Webb, Mills Blue Rhythm and Andy Kirk's Clouds of Joy.
隨著爵士樂的發展，良好的舞蹈音樂形式成為了一種標準。當白人音樂家例如Benny Goodman在音樂中加入了黑人的編排，爵士樂開始進入了Swing或稱為Big Band的時期。大型黑人和白人的樂隊的巡美演出以Swing充斥著電臺，這樣，Swing變為了Jazz的同義詞。Swing時代著名的黑人樂隊有Jimmy Lunceford，Chick Webb，Mills Blue Rhythm和Adny Kirk's Clouds of Joy。
