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Why Does Altitude Cause Headache?
為什么高海拔會引起頭痛？
Mountain climbers face many dangers as they brave the cold winds and icy slopes and jagged cliffs of the peaks they climb. But one of the most serious dangers they face is all in their heads–literally.
當勇敢面對冷風，冰坡和參差不齊的懸崖時，登山運動員面臨著很多危險。但是其中一個他們面臨最嚴峻的危險就是他們的頭。
Why does altitude cause headache? Since the air is thinner, there is less oxygen in the blood, so blood flow to the brain increases. The extra blood can cause blood vessels to swell and tissues to press on the sensitive membrane that surrounds the brain, resulting in a headache.
為什111么高海拔會引起頭痛？隨著大氣越來越薄，血液中的氧氣越來越少，因此流到大腦中的血液就會增多。多余的血會使血管膨脹，擠壓敏感的在大腦周圍細胞膜，導致頭痛。
But not everyone develops a headache at moderately high altitudes, partly because the low oxygen content of the air causes the climber to breath more often, forcing carbon dioxide out of the blood.
但并不是每個人都會在適度的高海拔感到頭痛，部分是由于大氣中低氧引起攀登者常常喘不過氣，驅使二氧化碳離開血液。
The body reacts to the lowered carbon dioxide content of the blood by decreasing blood flow to the brain. An individual’s susceptibility to altitude-induced headache, as well as the severity of the headache, depends on whether the overall blood flow to the brain increases or decreases.
血液中的二氧化碳少了，身體中流入大腦中的血液就會減少。一個個體對于海拔降低引起頭痛的敏感性和頭痛的嚴重性，取決于全面流入大腦中的血液是增多了還是減少了。
At high altitudes, usually over 10,000 feet, an unrelated condition known as high-altitude cerebral edema, or HACE, can develop. HACE occurs when parts of the brain become waterlogged.
在高海拔，常常超過3000米，一種不相關的高海拔腦水腫情況出現。當大腦的部分浸滿水的時候腦水腫就會出現。
Unlike altitude-induced headache, which occurs in over ninety percent of the people who ascend to 11,000 feet, HACE is a rare disorder. Characterized by mental confusion, hallucinations, and a drunken stagger, HACE is almost always fatal if descent is not immediate.
當海拔超過3300米，90%的人會出現海拔降低的頭痛，與此不同的是，腦水腫是一種罕見的混亂。其特征是精神混亂，幻覺和酒醉后的蹣跚。如果下降的不夠及時，那么腦水腫幾乎是致命的。
