Lesson 30 A polite request
彬彬有禮的要求

一、詞匯部分：
1.park /pɑːrk/ v. 停車
名詞：park 公園；theme park主題公園
擴(kuò)展：parking lot 停車場；parking space 停車位
2.traffic /ˈtræf.ɪk/ n. 交通
名詞：be stuck in traffic 堵在路上
3.afford /əˈfɔːrd/ v.支付得起，買得起
搭配：afford something
搭配：can/can’t afford to do sth
4.ticket /ˈtɪk.ɪt/ n. 票
例：I got a ticket for speeding. 我因?yàn)槌俚玫揭粡埩P單。
5.note /noʊt/ n.便條
搭配：take notes 記筆記
6.area /ˈer.i.ə/ n.區(qū)域

文章講解：
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police aresometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this not on my car: ‘sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a “No parking” area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to out street signs. This note is only a reminder. ’If youreceive a request like this you cannot fail to obey it.

1．If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
1)if 表示如果，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
第一：條件狀語從句——概念，在某種條件下，主句謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作會(huì)發(fā)生。
第二：條件狀語從句——結(jié)構(gòu)：if 引導(dǎo)得部分是條件狀語從句，另一部分是主句。If+ 從句，主句。
例：If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will
soon find it.
第三：條件狀語從句——最常見時(shí)態(tài)：主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。（主將從現(xiàn)）
如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就能把英語學(xué)好。
1）條件狀語從句：如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)——從現(xiàn)
2）主句：你就能把英語學(xué)好。——一般將來時(shí)
轉(zhuǎn)：If you study hard, you will learn English well.
if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句
用法例句
①主句為一般將來時(shí)態(tài)，if從句用一般
現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)（即主將從現(xiàn)）。 We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
如果明天下雨，我將要呆在家。
②主句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 If you finish your homework, you can go home now.如果你做完了作業(yè)，你現(xiàn)在可以回家了。
③主句為祈使句，if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。 Don’t jump into the river if you feel very hot. 如果你感到很熱，不要跳入河里。
④主句為過去將來時(shí)，if從句用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)（如果涉及到be動(dòng)詞，一律都用were）。此時(shí)，表達(dá)的是和現(xiàn)實(shí)相反的推測，用虛擬語氣。 If I were you, I wouldn’t do it like that.
如果我是你，我就不會(huì)那么做的。
If you gave me some money, I would be very happy. 如果你給我一些錢，我就會(huì)很高興的。
1)If you study hard, you will learn English well.
2)You will learn English well If you study hard.
備注：
條件狀語從句變化形式， “祈使句+and / or+簡單句”。其中and表示句意順承；or則表示轉(zhuǎn)折，意為“否則”。例如：
例1:If you work harder, you’ll pass the exam.
　 =Work harder, and you’ll pass the exam. 如果你再努力些，你就會(huì)通過考試。
例2:If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.
　　=Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. 如果你不快點(diǎn)兒，你就趕不上火車了。
備注：if的兩面性
　　if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句時(shí)意為“如果”，如果引導(dǎo)賓語從句則意為“是否”。請(qǐng)比較：
　　1)We will go out if it is fine tomorrow.
　　2)I don’t know if the train has arrived.
　　句1)中if引導(dǎo)的是狀語從句。這個(gè)從句表示“條件”，整個(gè)句子的意思是“如果明天天氣好，我們就出去”。
句2) 中if引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句，充當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞don’t know的賓語，整個(gè)句子的意思是“我不知道火車是否到了”。

【邊學(xué)邊做】用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
1.What will you buy if you ___have_____（have）a lot of money?
2.If it ___doesn’t snow_____（not snow）tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.
3.You mustn’t go to school if you ____are____（be）still in bed.
4.If he __were_____（be）at home at that time, he would know it. (不用管)
5.Please show me the way if you ____know____（know）it.
6.You will hurt your teeth if you __eat______（eat）too much candy.
7.If you gave me a toy car, I ___will be______（be）very happy.
8.I would get the prize if I ____worked_____（work）hard.（不用管）

2．You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this doesnot always happen.
1)語法點(diǎn)：you will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket.
2)搭配： let someone do sth 讓某人做某事；
近義表達(dá)：allow someone to do sth/ allow doing sth 允許做某事
3)however 轉(zhuǎn)折詞，和but 區(qū)別在于有沒有逗號(hào)。

3.Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this not onmy car: ‘sir, we welcome you to our city.
sometime/sometimes/some time/some times 辨析
a. sometimes為副詞，意思為“有時(shí)”，可用于句首、句中或句末，在句中作狀語。
例如：Sometimes he goes to the cinema on Sunday.星期天他有時(shí)去看電影。
2)some times是詞組，意思為“幾次，幾倍”，其中的times為可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。
例如：He has been to Beijing for some times before.他以前去過北京幾次。
3)sometime指某個(gè)不明確的時(shí)間，意思為“某個(gè)時(shí)候”。
例如：We’ll take our holiday sometime in August.我們將在八月的某個(gè)時(shí)候度假。
4)some time指某一段時(shí)間，其中的time為不可數(shù)名詞，意思為“時(shí)間”。
例如：I spend some time practicing speaking English every day.我每天花一些時(shí)間練習(xí)說英語。

4.This is a “No parking” area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs.
1)no doing sth 不允許做某事
NO taking photos
No Smoking
No parking
2).You will enjoy your stay here if you
pay attention to our street signs.
搭配：pay attention to 注意

5.This note is only a reminder. ’If you receive a request like this you cannot fail to obey it.
搭配：can not fail to do sth 一定會(huì)做某事
例：Cats cannot never fail to fascinate human beings. 貓總是能夠抓住人的注意力。