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Part five
第五章
Endodontic Treatment
根管治療法
There's a patient with severe pain in the waiting room, Doctor.
醫生，在候診室有一個病人牙痛得很厲害。
Take an X-ray and ask him to sit down in treatment room number two.
給她照X光，請她在二號治療室坐著等。
Good morning, I'm Doctor Smith.
早安，我是史密斯醫生。
My assistant said that you're having trouble with one of your teeth. How long have you been uncomfortable?
我的助手說你的一顆牙齒有問題，你感到不舒服有多長時間了？
It's been hurting for three days and seems to be getting worse.
已經痛了3天，看來越來越難受了。
It aches constantly and any pressure on it is very painful.
現在經常不斷地痛，一壓就痛得要命。
I've examined your X-rays.
我檢查了X光照射結果。
There's decay under a large filling. The decay is into the pulp of the tooth.
在你牙齒原來大塊填補物下邊也有齲壞了。齲壞已經到了牙髓。
What is the pulp of the tooth, Doctor?
醫生，牙髓是什么？
The pulp of the tooth is made up of nerves and blood vessels.
牙髓是由神經和血管構成的。
The pulp is commonly called "the nerve".
牙髓通常叫做"神經"。
The pulp is located in a hollow canal in the center of the tooth. .
牙髓的位置在牙齒中間的空管中。
The hollow canal is called the pulp canal or pulp chamber.
這個空管叫做根管。
I'll do a pulp test on that tooth.
我現在做牙髓試驗。
I want to find out whether the pulp is healthy.
我要看牙髓是否健康。
This instrument will stimulate the nerve of the tooth very slightly.
這種器械對神經有輕微的刺激。
Tell me if you feel a little bit of discomfort and I'll stop
不舒服的話告訴我，我會停下來的。
I don't feel anything, Doctor.
沒有什么感覺。
The pulp didn't respond to the pulp test the way it should.
你的牙髓并沒有對牙髓試驗作出應有的反應。
The reason that you don't feel anything is because the pulp is dead (necrotic).
你沒有什么感覺的原因就是因為牙髓已經壞死。
The pulp canal is infected.
根管受到感染。
Now what do you do, Doctor?
怎么辦呢？
The only way that the tooth can be saved is by endodontic treatment.
把這顆牙保住的唯一辦法就是進行牙髓治療。
Endodontic treatment is commonly known as "root canal treatment".
牙髓治療通常叫做"根管治療"。
What's that, Doctor? I'm not familiar with those terms or that type of treatment.
醫生，那是什么？這個詞我不熟悉，也不知道是怎樣一種治療法。
Let me tell you how it'll be done.
讓我告訴你怎樣治療。
First, I'll make a small opening in the top (crown) of the tooth to expose the infected pulp. .
首先，我要在牙齒的頂端（牙冠）開一個口，使受感染的牙髓暴露出來。
Can you see this dark colored line on the X-ray?
在X光片上的黑線你看得見嗎？
That's the hollow pulp canal (chamber).
那是空的根管（牙髓室）。
The area around the end of the root is also infected
牙根底下周圍的地方也感染了。
Oh, yes, I see.
啊，是的，明白了。
The opening in that tooth will allow the infection to drain and enable me to enlarge, clean, and smoothen the pulp canal.
牙齒開了口就可以把膿排掉，把根管弄大、清洗、磨平。
