評論
打印
Banking in the West(1)
西方的銀行(一)
Situation 1
情景 1
Jiro Ito is visiting with his friend ,Bob Jenson ,a banker in New York .
伊滕次郎正與他的朋友鮑勃·詹森閑談。鮑勃是紐約的一位銀行職員。
They are talking about the history of banking in the west .
他們正在談論有關西方銀行的歷史。
Ito:I'm curious about the history of banking in the west ,Bob.Can you tell me something about it ?
伊 滕：我很想知道有關西方銀行史的一些情況。鮑勃，您能給我講一講嗎?
Jensen:Well,Jiro,the earliest banks started in Babylon almost 4,000 years ago .
詹 森：好的，次郎。最早的銀行大約是4，000年前在巴比倫建立的。
They were really temples which collected deposits and made loans .
實際上，那些銀行只是一種收集存款并進行放款的場所。
I :That surprises me .I had always thought that banking started during the Renaissance in Europe .
伊 滕：這可真是出乎我的意料之外，我原來一直以為銀行業務始于歐洲文藝復興時期呢。
J:No ,it was much earlier than that.Actually ,private firms that handled deposits and loans ,
詹 森：不，比那個時期要早多了。實際上，早在公元前6世紀就有了私營的商行。
changed coins and even arranged for credit transactions existed as early as the 6th century B.C.
這些商行從事儲蓄存款和貸款，兌換硬幣以至安排信貸交易。
I:Then ,there were banks in ancient Greece and Rome,too?
伊 滕：當時，古希臘和羅馬也有銀行嗎?
J:Yes ,laws in Both Greece and Rome recognized banks and many bank functions .
詹 森：是的，希臘和羅馬都在法律上承認了銀行和銀行的許多作用。
It wasn't until the breakup of the Roman Empire and the decline in trade and commercial transactions that banking lost its previous importance .
直到羅馬帝國崩潰，商貿業務衰落，銀行業才失去了它以往的重要性。
I:What about the laws against usury during the Middle Ages?Didn't such laws made it illegal to charge interest on loans?
伊 滕：中世紀時，法律禁止放高利貸是怎么回事?這些法律沒有規定貸款收取利息是非法的嗎?
J:Yes,they did ,but these laws were gradually changed during the 14th and 15th centuries,
詹 森：規定了，但是這些法律在14，15世紀時逐步地改變了，
and banking functions started appearing again in Italy and Belgium and later in France ,Germany and England .
銀行的作用又在意大利和比利時開始出現，后來又顯現在法國、德國和英國。
I:I see .So we can really say that banking restarted during the Renaissance .
伊 滕：我明白了。實際上我們可以說，銀行業在文藝復興時期又重新開始了。
