6 、具有文化特色的現(xiàn)代表述
大陸中國(guó) Mainland China
紅寶書(shū) little red book
紅色中國(guó) socialist China
四化 Four Modernizations
終生職業(yè) job-for-life
鐵飯碗 iron rice bowl
大鍋飯 communal pot
關(guān)系戶 closely-related units
外出打工人員 migrant workers
關(guān)系網(wǎng) personal nets, closely-knitted guild
五講(講文明、講禮貌、講衛(wèi)生、講秩序、講道德):the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals
四美(心靈美、語(yǔ)言美、行為美、環(huán)境美): the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment
7、中國(guó)古代獨(dú)特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)
宣紙 rice paper
衙門(mén) yamen
叩頭 kowtow
孔子Confucius
牌樓 pailou;pai-loo
武術(shù) wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)
功夫 kungfu ;kung fu
中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)
中和 harmony (zhonghe)
孝順 to show filial obedience
孝子 dutiful son
家長(zhǎng) family head
三綱 君為臣綱,父為子綱,夫?yàn)槠蘧V three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife
五常 仁、義、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity
八股文 eight-legged essays
多子多福 The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness
養(yǎng)兒防老 raising sons to support one in one's old age